Perineuronal oligodendrocytes in health and disease: the journey so far.

Hans-Gert Bernstein, Gerburg Keilhoff, Henrik Dobrowolny, Paul C Guest, Johann Steiner

Reviews in the neurosciences 2019 Dec 18

filter terms:

Perineuronal oligodendrocytes (pn-Ols) are located in the cerebral gray matter in close proximity to neuronal perikarya and less frequently near dendrites and neurites. Although their morphology is indistinguishable from that of other oligodendrocytes, it is not known if pn-Ols have a similar or different cell signature from that of typical myelinating oligodendroglial cells. In this review, we discussed the potential roles of these cells in myelination under normal and pathophysiologic conditions as functional and nutritional supporters of neurons, as restrainers of neuronal firing, and as possible players in glutamate-glutamine homeostasis. We also highlighted the occurrences in which perineuronal oligodendroglia are altered, such as in experimental demyelination, multiple sclerosis, cerebral ischemia, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, major depression, and bipolar disorder.

Citation

Hans-Gert Bernstein, Gerburg Keilhoff, Henrik Dobrowolny, Paul C Guest, Johann Steiner. Perineuronal oligodendrocytes in health and disease: the journey so far. Reviews in the neurosciences. 2019 Dec 18;31(1):89-99