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    Generation of protective immunity to infections and vaccinations declines with age. Studies in healthy individuals have implicated reduced miR-181a expression in T cells as contributing to this defect. To understand the impact of miR-181a expression on antiviral responses, we examined LCMV infection in mice with miR-181ab1-deficient T cells. We found that miR-181a deficiency delays viral clearance, thereby biasing the immune response in favor of CD4 over CD8 T cells. Antigen-specific CD4 T cells in mice with miR-181a-deficient T cells expand more and have a broader TCR repertoire with preferential expansion of high-affinity T cells than in wild-type mice. Importantly, generation of antigen-specific miR-181a-deficient CD8 effector T cells is particularly impaired, resulting in lower frequencies of CD8 T cells in the liver even at time points when the infection has been cleared. Consistent with the mouse model, CD4 memory T cells in individuals infected with West Nile virus at older ages tend to be more frequent and of higher affinity. Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

    Citation

    Chulwoo Kim, Rohit R Jadhav, Claire E Gustafson, Megan J Smithey, Alec J Hirsch, Jennifer L Uhrlaub, William H Hildebrand, Janko Nikolich-Žugich, Cornelia M Weyand, Jörg J Goronzy. Defects in Antiviral T Cell Responses Inflicted by Aging-Associated miR-181a Deficiency. Cell reports. 2019 Nov 19;29(8):2202-2216.e5

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    PMID: 31747595

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