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    Spermiogenesis is a highly orchestrated developmental process during which chromatin condensation decouples transcription from translation. Spermiogenic mRNAs are transcribed earlier and stored in a translationally inert state until needed for translation; however, it remains largely unclear how such repressed mRNAs become activated during spermiogenesis. We previously reported that the MIWI/piRNA machinery is responsible for mRNA elimination during late spermiogenesis in preparation for spermatozoa production. Here we unexpectedly discover that the same machinery is also responsible for activating translation of a subset of spermiogenic mRNAs to coordinate with morphological transformation into spermatozoa. Such action requires specific base-pairing interactions of piRNAs with target mRNAs in their 3' UTRs, which activates translation through coupling with cis-acting AU-rich elements to nucleate the formation of a MIWI/piRNA/eIF3f/HuR super-complex in a developmental stage-specific manner. These findings reveal a critical role of the piRNA system in translation activation, which we show is functionally required for spermatid development. Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

    Citation

    Peng Dai, Xin Wang, Lan-Tao Gou, Zhi-Tong Li, Ze Wen, Zong-Gui Chen, Min-Min Hua, Ai Zhong, Lingbo Wang, Haiyang Su, Huida Wan, Kun Qian, Lujian Liao, Jinsong Li, Bin Tian, Dangsheng Li, Xiang-Dong Fu, Hui-Juan Shi, Yu Zhou, Mo-Fang Liu. A Translation-Activating Function of MIWI/piRNA during Mouse Spermiogenesis. Cell. 2019 Dec 12;179(7):1566-1581.e16

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    PMID: 31835033

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