Correlation Engine 2.0
Clear Search sequence regions


Sizes of these terms reflect their relevance to your search.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is still considered as the third most frequent cancer in the world. Microsatellite instability (MSI), inflammation, and microRNAs have been demonstrated as the main contributing factors in CRC. Subtype 1 CRC is defined by NK cells infiltration, induction of Th1 lymphocyte and cytotoxic T cell responses as well as upregulation of immune checkpoint proteins including programmed cell death-1 (PD-1). Based on the diverse features of CRC, such as the stage and localization of the tumor, several treatment approaches are available. However, the efficiency of these treatments may be decreased due to the development of diverse resistance mechanisms. It has been proven that monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can increase the effectiveness of CRC treatments. Nowadays, several mAbs including nivolumab and pembrolizumab have been approved for the treatment of CRC. Immune checkpoint receptors including PD-1 can be inhibited by these antibodies. Combination therapy gives an opportunity for advanced treatment for CRC patients. In this review, an update has been provided on the molecular mechanisms involved in MSI colorectal cancer immune microenvironment by focusing on PD-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and treatment of patients with advanced immunotherapy, which were examined in the different clinical trial phases. Considering induced expression of PD-L1 by conventional chemotherapeutics, we have summarized the role of PD-L1 in CRC, the chemotherapy effects on the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and novel combined approaches to enhance immunotherapy of CRC by focusing on PD-L1. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Citation

Zahra Payandeh, Saeed Khalili, Mohammad Hossein Somi, Maysam Mard-Soltani, Amir Baghbanzadeh, Khalil Hajiasgharzadeh, Nasser Samadi, Behzad Baradaran. PD-1/PD-L1-dependent immune response in colorectal cancer. Journal of cellular physiology. 2020 Jul;235(7-8):5461-5475

Expand section icon Mesh Tags

Expand section icon Substances


PMID: 31960962

View Full Text