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Melioidosis is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by the gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei. An effective vaccine is needed, but data on protective immune responses in human melioidosis are lacking. We used ELISA and an antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis assay to identify the major features of protective antibodies in patients with acute melioidosis in Thailand. We found that high levels of B. pseudomallei-specific IgG2 are associated with protection against death in a multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, diabetes, renal disease, and neutrophil count. Serum from melioidosis survivors enhanced bacteria uptake into human monocytes expressing FcγRIIa-H/R131, an intermediate-affinity IgG2-receptor, compared with serum from nonsurvivors. We did not find this enhancement when using monocytes carrying the low IgG2-affinity FcγRIIa-R131 allele. The findings indicate the importance of IgG2 in protection against death in human melioidosis, a crucial finding for antibody-based therapeutics and vaccine development.

Citation

Panjaporn Chaichana, Kemajittra Jenjaroen, Suchintana Chumseng, Manutsanun Sumonwiriya, Patpong Rongkard, Barbara Kronsteiner, Prapit Teparrukkul, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Nicholas P J Day, Narisara Chantratita, Susanna J Dunachie. Role of Burkholderia pseudomallei-Specific IgG2 in Adults with Acute Melioidosis, Thailand. Emerging infectious diseases. 2021 Feb;27(2):463-470

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PMID: 33496230

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