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Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan parasite, which has three unique secretory organelles: micronemes, rhoptries, and dense granules. Almost all the secreted proteins are transported through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi system to function in their respective destination by accurate targeting and packaging. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is a supergene family enzyme that has multiple functions, which include regulation of cell proliferation and death signaling pathways, and participation in transportation and metabolism in mammal cells. However, the role of GST in Toxoplasma gondii has not been explained. In this study, we identified three GST proteins in T gondii, of which GST2 acts as a membrane protein that localizes to the Golgi-endosomal system and colocalizes with proteins involved in vesicle transport as well, including synaptobrevin, putative sortilin (VPS10), Rab5 and Rab6, which function as vesicle transport factors. Moreover, the loss of TgGST2 leads to Rab5 and Rab6 distribution of discrete puncta, and incorrect localization and decreased expression of several secretory proteins, and to significantly reduced invasion capacity and virulence to mice. Consistent with its relation to vesicle transport proteins, the distribution of TgGST2 relies on post-Golgi trafficking. Overall, our findings demonstrated that TgGST2 contributes to vesicle trafficking and plays a critical role in parasite lytic cycle. © 2021 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.

Citation

Shuang Li, Jing Liu, Heng Zhang, Zhepeng Sun, Zhu Ying, Yihan Wu, Jianhai Xu, Qun Liu. Toxoplasma gondii glutathione S-transferase 2 plays an important role in partial secretory protein transport. FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 2021 Feb;35(2):e21352

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PMID: 33543805

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