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QuickView for Aciclovir (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Acyclovir |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 2022 |
| Description: | A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes. |
| Molecular formula: | C8H11N5O3 |
| Molecular weight: | 225.205 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Zovirax (TN); Prestwick1_000086; Prestwick0_000086; 2-Amino-1,9-dihydro-9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]-6H-purin-6-one; Genvir; InChI=1/C8H11N5O3/c9-8-11-6-5(7(15)12-8)10-3-13(6)4-16-2-1-14/h3,14H,1-2,4H2,(H3,9,11,12,15; EINECS 261-685-1; MLS000069633; LS-127209; EU-0100037.
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Acyclovir |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00787 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes. |
| Synonyms: |
AC2; Aciclovier; Aciclovir Sodium; 9-Hyroxyethoxymethylguanine; Acycloguanosine; Wellcome-248u; Acyclovir Sodium; Acyclovir
|
| Brand: | Zovirax topical, Zovir, Avirax, Virorax, Alti-Acyclovir, Vipral, Zovirax |
| Brand name mixture: | Zovirax Injection(Zovirax sodium) |
| Category: | Nucleosides and Nucleotides, Antiviral Agents |
| CAS number: | 59277-89-3 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For the treatment and management of herpes zoster (shingles), genital herpes, and chickenpox |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: | Aciclovir (INN) or acyclovir (USAN, former BAN) is a synthetic deoxyguanosine analog and it is the prototype antiviral agent that is activated by viral thymidine kinase. The selective activity of aciclovir is due to its affinity for the thymidine kinase enzyme encoded by HSV and VZV. |
| Mechanism of Action: |
Viral (HSV-1, HSV-2 and VZV) thymidine kinase converts aciclovir to the aciclovir monophosphate, which is then converted to the diphosphate by cellular guanylate kinase, and finally to the triphosphate by phosphoglycerate kinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and pyruvate kinase. Aciclovir triphosphate competitively inhibits viral DNA polymera...
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| Absorption: | Oral: bioavailability 10 to 20% |
| Protein binding: | 9%-33% |
| Biotransformation: | Hepatic, the only major urinary metabolite that has been detected is 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine. |
| Route of elimination: | Acyclovir is cleared renally. |
| Half Life: | 2.5-3.3 hours |
| Toxicity: | Aciclovir may cause nephrotoxicity (crystallization of aciclovir within renal tubules, elevation of serum creatinine, transient), and neurotoxicity (coma, hallucinations, lethargy, seizures, tremors). Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity usually resolve after cessation of aciclovir therapy. However, there is no well-defined relationship between aciclovir concentrations in the blood and these adverse effects. |
| Affected organisms: | Human Herpes Virus |
Interactions
| Food interaction: |
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Targets
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