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QuickView for Alprazolam (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Alprazolam |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 2118 |
| Description: | A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238) |
| Molecular formula: | C17H13ClN4 |
| Molecular weight: | 308.765 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Intensol; Tricalma; U-31889; Unilan; DEA No. 2882; Cassadan; Alpronax; nchembio747-comp35; BRN 1223125; 4H-[1,2,4]Triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine, 8-chloro-1-methyl-6-phenyl-.
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Alprazolam |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00404 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238) |
| Synonyms: |
TUS-1
|
| Brand: | Alviz, Tranquinal, Cassadan, Tafil, Alplax, Frontal, Bestrol, Intensol, Niravam, Trankimazin, Tranax, Xanax, Alpronax, Solanax, Esparon, Restyl, Xanor, Constan, Xanax XR, D 65MT |
| Category: | Benzodiazepines, Anti-anxiety Agents, GABA Modulators, Hypnotics and Sedatives |
| CAS number: | 28981-97-7 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For the management of anxiety disorder or the short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety and for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Alprazolam, a benzodiazepine, is used to treat panic disorder and anxiety disorder. Unlike chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, and prazepam, alprazolam has a shorter half-life and metabolites with minimal activity. Like other triazolo benzodiazepines such as triazolam, alprazolam may have significant drug interactions involving the hepatic cytochrome P-...
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| Mechanism of Action: |
Benzodiazepines bind nonspecifically to benzodiazepine receptors BNZ1, which mediates sleep, and BNZ2, which affects muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant activity, motor coordination, and memory. As benzodiazepine receptors are thought to be coupled to gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors, this enhances the effects of GABA by increas...
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| Absorption: | Readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bioavailability is 80-90%. |
| Protein binding: | 80% (mainly to albumin) |
| Biotransformation: | Hepatic. Hydroxylated in the liver to α-hydroxyalprazolam, which is also active. This and other metabolites are later excreted in urine as glucuronides. |
| Route of elimination: | Alprazolam and its metabolites are excreted primarily in the urine. |
| Half Life: | 6.3-26.9 hours |
| Clearance: | 2.13 +/- 0.54 mL/min/kg [CYP3A inducers] 0.90 +/- 0.21 mL/min/kg [without CYP3A inducers] |
| Toxicity: | Oral, mouse: LD50=1020 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include confusion, coma, impaired coordination, sleepiness, and slowed reaction time. |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
| Food interaction: |
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Targets
Enzymes
