Name: | Hydroxychloroquine |
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PubChem Compound ID: | 12947 |
Description: | A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970) |
Molecular formula: | C18H28ClN3O5S |
Molecular weight: | 433.951 g/mol |
Synonyms: |
EINECS 212-019-3; Ethanol, 2-[[4-[ (7-chloro-4-quinolinyl)amino]pentyl]ethylamino]-, sulfate (1:1) (salt); Ethanol, 2-((4-((7-chloro-4-quinolyl)amino)pentyl)ethylamino)-, sulfate (1:1) (salt) (8CI); Plaquenil; Plaquenil (TN); 2-((4-((7-Chloro-4-quinolyl)amino)pentyl)ethylamino)ethanol sulfate (1:1) (salt); Ethanol, 2-[[4-[ (7-chloro-4-quinolyl)amino]pentyl]ethylamino]-, sulfate (1:1) (salt); D02114; Hydroxychloroquine sulphate; Toremonil.
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Name: | Hydroxychloroquine |
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Name (isomeric): | DB01611 |
Drug Type: | small molecule |
Description: | A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970) |
Synonyms: |
Hidroxicloroquina [inn-spanish]; Hydroxychloroquinum [inn-latin]; Hydroxychloroguine; Oxichlorochinum; Oxichloroquine; HCQ; Oxychlorochin; Idrossiclorochina [dcit]; 2-((4-((7-Chloro-4-quinolyl)amino)pentyl)ethylamino)ethanol; Oxychloroquine.
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Brand: | Quensyl, Plaquenil, Ercoquin |
Category: | Antimalarials, Enzyme Inhibitors, Antirheumatic Agents, Dermatologic Agents |
CAS number: | 118-42-3 |
Indication: | For the suppressive treatment and treatment of acute attacks of malaria due to <i>Plasmodium vivax</i>, <i>P. malariae</i>, <i>P. ovale</i>, and susceptible strains of <i>P. falciparum</i>. It is also indicated for the treatment of discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis. |
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Pharmacology: | Hydroxychloroquine possesses antimalarial properties and also exerts a beneficial effect in lupus erythematosus (chronic discoid or systemic) and acute or chronic rheumatoid arthritis. The precise mechanism of action is not known. |
Mechanism of Action: |
Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown, it may be based on ability of hydroxychloroquine to bind to and alter DNA. Hydroxychloroquine has also has been found to be taken up into the acidic food vacuoles of the parasite in the erythrocyte. This increases the pH of the acid vesicles, interfering with vesicle functions and possibly inhibiti...
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Absorption: | Very rapidly and completely absorbed following oral administration. |
Protein binding: | Approximately 45%. |
Biotransformation: | Partially hepatic, to active de-ethylated metabolites. |
Half Life: | Terminal elimination half-life In blood is approximately 50 days. In plasma it is approximately 32 days. |
Toxicity: | Symptoms of overdose include headache, drowsiness, visual disturbances, cardiovascular collapse, and convulsions, followed by sudden and early respiratory and cardiac arrest. The electrocardiogram may reveal atrial standstill, nodal rhythm, prolonged intraventricular conduction time, and progressive bradycardia leading to ventricular fibrillation and/or arrest. |
Affected organisms: | Plasmodium |
Drug interaction: |
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