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QuickView for Lovastatin (compound)


PubChem
Name: Lovastatin
PubChem Compound ID: 10574285
Description: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.
Molecular formula: C24H36O5
Molecular weight: 423.458 g/mol
DrugBank
Identification
Name: Lovastatin
Name (isomeric): DB00227
Drug Type: small molecule
Description: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.
Synonyms:
Lovastatinum [Latin]; Lovastatina [Spanish]; 6 alpha-Methylcompactin; Lovastatine [French]
Brand: Paschol, Closterol, Mevlor, Lozutin, Monacolin K, Mevinacor, Taucor, Rodatin, Tecnolip, Sivlor, Lipivas, Lipdip, Altocor, Lovastin, Hipolip, Nergadan, Lovasterol, Lovalip, Lipofren, Lestatin, Mevacor, Belvas, Hipovastin, Colevix, Teroltrat, Altoprev, Cholestra, Lovalord, Rovacor, Artein
Category: Antineoplastic Agents, HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Anticholesteremic Agents, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
CAS number: 75330-75-5
Pharmacology
Indication: For management as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total-C, LDL-C, apo B, and TG levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia. For primary prevention of coronary heart disease and to slow progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with coronary heart disease.
Pharmacology:
The primary cause of cardiovascular disease is atherosclerotic plaque formation. Sustained elevations of cholesterol in the blood increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Lovastatin lowers hepatic cholesterol synthesis by competitively inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the cholesterol biosynthesis...
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Mechanism of Action:
Lovastatin is structurally similar to the HMG, a substituent of the endogenous substrate of HMG-CoA reductase. Lovastatin is a prodrug that is activated in vivo via hydrolysis of the lactone ring. The hydrolyzed lactone ring mimics the tetrahedral intermediate produced by the reductase allowing the agent to bind with 20,000 times greater aff...
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Absorption: < 5%. Time to peak serum concentration is 2-4 hours.
Protein binding: > 95%
Biotransformation: Undergoes first pass hydrolysis to active metabolites β-hydroxyacid and 6'-hydroxy dervative.
Route of elimination: Lovastatin undergoes extensive first-pass extraction in the liver, its primary site of action, with subsequent excretion of drug equivalents in the bile. 83% of the orally administered dose is excreted in bile and 10% is excreted in urine.
Half Life: 5.3 hours
Toxicity: LD50>1000 mg/kg (orally in mice)
Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Food interaction:
Avoid alcohol.
Avoid taking with grapefruit juice.
Avoid drastic changes in dietary habit.
Take with food, 50% increase in bioavailability when taken with food.
Drug interaction:
SaquinavirSaquinavir may increase the effect and toxicity of lovastatin. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
NiacinRisk of severe myopathy/rhabdomyolysis with this combination
DiltiazemDiltiazem may increase the serum concentration of lovastatin. Lovastatin may increase the serum concentration of diltiazem. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of both agents if concomitant therapy is initiated, discontinued or if doses are changed.
DelavirdineDelavirdine, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of lovastatin by decreasing its metabolism. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of lovastatin if delavirdine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
AcenocoumarolLovastatin may increase the anticoagulant effect of acenocoumarol. Monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of acenocoumarol if lovastatin is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
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