QuickView for Ofloxacin (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 11089686

Name:	Ofloxacin
PubChem Compound ID:	11089686
Description:	A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.
Molecular formula:	C₁₈H₂₀FN₃O₄
Molecular weight:	360.368 g/mol

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Ofloxacin
Name (isomeric):	DB01165
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.
Brand:	Obide, Ofloxin, O-Flox, Bactocin, Occidal, Oflodal, Qipro, Loxinter, Quotavil, Fugacin, Tarivid, Flotavid, Mergexin, Flodemex, Tariflox, Marfloxacin, Danoflox, Liflox, Ofus, Oflox, Sinflo, Taravid, Orocin, Rilox, Floxstat, Onexacin, Pharflox, Akilen, Praxin, Uro Tarivid, Tructum, Puiritol, Flovid, Otonil, Baccidal, Exocin, Tabrin, Viotisone, Exocine, Floxil, Floxin, Oflodura, Zanocin, Oflocee, Flobacin, Operan, Qinolon, Floxal, Oflin, Novecin, Kinoxacin, Oflocin, Effexin, Kinflocin, Oflocet, Medofloxine, Nufafloqo, Oflodex, Inoflox, Quinolon, Telbit, Ofcin
Category:	Anti-Bacterial Agents, Quinolones, Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors, Anti-Infectives
CAS number:	82419-36-1

Pharmacology

Indication:	For the treatment of infections (respiratory tract, kidney, skin, soft tissue, UTI), urethral and cervical gonorrhoea.
Pharmacology:	Ofloxacin is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Ofloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyr... show more » Ofloxacin is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Ofloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian. Ofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	Ofloxacin acts on DNA gyrase and toposiomerase IV, enzymes which, like human topoisomerase, prevents the excessive supercoiling of DNA during replication or transcription. By inhibiting their function, the drug thereby inhibits normal cell division.
Absorption:	Bioavailability of ofloxacin in the tablet formulation is approximately 98%
Protein binding:	32%
Biotransformation:	Hepatic
Route of elimination:	Elimination is mainly by renal excretion. Between 65% and 80% of an administered oral dose of ofloxacin is excreted unchanged via the kidneys within 48 hours of dosing. Four to eight percent of an ofloxacin dose is excreted in the feces. This indicates a small degree of biliary excretion of ofloxacin.
Half Life:	9 hours
Toxicity:	LD₅₀=5450 mg/kg (orally in mice)
Affected organisms:	Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria

Interactions

Food interaction:

Avoid high doses of caffeine.

Take without regard to meals.

Drug interaction:

Foscarnet	Increased risk of convulsions
Aluminium	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Procainamide	Ofloxacin may increase the effect of procainamide.
Warfarin	The quinolone antibiotic, ofloxacin, may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
Tizanidine	Ofloxacin may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tizanidine. Consider alternate therapy or use caution during co-administration.

Foscarnet	Increased risk of convulsions
Aluminium	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Procainamide	Ofloxacin may increase the effect of procainamide.
Warfarin	The quinolone antibiotic, ofloxacin, may increase the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
Tizanidine	Ofloxacin may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tizanidine. Consider alternate therapy or use caution during co-administration.
Calcium Acetate	Calcium salts such as calcium acetate may decrease the absorption of quinolone antibiotics such as ofloxacin. Of concern only with oral administration of both agents. Interactions can be minimized by administering oral quinolone at least 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, the dose of an oral calcium supplement. Monitor for decreased therapeutic effects of oral quinolones if administered with oral calcium supplements.
Iron	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Thiothixene	The strong CYP1A2 inhibitor, Ofloxacin, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Thiothixene, a CYP1A2 substrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in Thiothixene therapeutic and adverse effects if Ofloxacin is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Calcium	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Quinidine barbiturate	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Dicumarol	The quinolone antibiotic, ofloxacin, may increase the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol.
Magnesium oxide	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Zinc	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Acenocoumarol	The quinolone antibiotic, ofloxacin, may increase the anticoagulant effect of acenocoumarol.
Tacrine	The metabolism of Tacrine, a CYP1A2 substrate, may be reduced by strong CYP1A2 inhibitors such as Ofloxacin. Consider modifying therapy to avoid Tacrine toxicity. Monitor the efficacy and toxicity of Tacrine if Ofloxacin is initiated, discontinued or if the dose is changed.
Sucralfate	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Magnesium	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Dihydroquinidine barbiturate	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Quinidine	Increased risk of cardiotoxicity and arrhythmias
Iron Dextran	Formation of non-absorbable complexes
Anisindione	The quinolone antibiotic, ofloxacin, may increase the anticoagulant effect of anisindione.

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Targets

DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A

DNA gyrase subunit A

DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha

Enzymes

Cytochrome P450 1A2

Transporters

Organic cation/carnitine transporter 2

Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1

Solute carrier family 22 member 6

Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1

Organic cation/carnitine transporter 1