QuickView for Primidone (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 4909

Name:	Primidone
PubChem Compound ID:	4909
Description:	An antiepileptic agent related to the barbiturates; it is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite. Adverse effects are reported to be more frequent than with PHENOBARBITAL. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p309)
Molecular formula:	C₁₂H₁₄N₂O₂
Molecular weight:	218.252 g/mol
Synonyms:	DivK1c_000324; Mysoline; Sertan; Mysoline (TN); Lopac-P-7295; D00474; Hexadiona; Liskantin; Spectrum4_000485; Prilepsin. show more » DivK1c_000324; Mysoline; Sertan; Mysoline (TN); Lopac-P-7295; D00474; Hexadiona; Liskantin; Spectrum4_000485; Prilepsin; KBio3_001725; Spectrum3_000553; C07371; NCI-C56360; 5-Ethyldihydro-5-phenyl-4,6(1H,5H)-pyrimidinedione; 125-33-7; Spectrum2_001293; 5-Ethylhexahydro-4,6-dioxo-5-phenylpyrimidine; Primaclone; SPBio_003035; 5-Ethyl-5-phenylhexahydropyrimidine-4,6-dione; Hexamidine (the antispasmodic); Prysoline; 4,6 (1H,5H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-ethyldihydro-5-phenyl-; Lepsiral; NCGC00023254-04; Milepsin; Misodine; Misolyne; 4,4'-(Hexamethylenedioxy)dibenzamidine; Cyral; Mizodin; SMR000058501; Hexamidine; Mylepsin; 2-Desoxyphenobarbital; Primoline; Prestwick0_000933; 4, 4'-(Hexamethylenedioxy)dibenzamidine; Roe 101; Neurosyn; KBioGR_000969; Primidon; Tocris-0830; Primakton; Primidone (JP15/USP); EINECS 204-737-0; Medi-Pets; EU-0101021; 5-Aethyl-5-phenyl-hexahydropyrimidin-4,6-dion [German]; Spectrum_000832; Mizolin; NCGC00016377-01; NINDS_000324; NCGC00023254-02; KBio2_003880; Mysedon; Pyrimidone Medi-pets; 2-Deoxyphenobarbital; Majsolin; Primidonum [INN-Latin]; 5-Ethylhexahydro-5-phenylpyrimidine-4,6-dione; CAS-125-33-7; Primacone; BRN 0218034; Lepimidin; Midone; Primidone; Desoxyphenobarbitone; 5-24-08-00102 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); NCGC00015834-01; KBio1_000324; MLS000028593; 5-Phenyl-5-ethyl-hexahydropyrimidine-4,6-dione; CCRIS 54; Mylepsinum; Primidone (primaclone); KBio2_006448; NSC 41701; NSC41701; 5-Phenyl-5-aethylhexahydropyrimidindion-(4,6) [German]; KBio2_001312; 4,6(1H,5H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-ethyldihydro-5-phenyl-; HSDB 3169; Primidone [USAN:BAN:INN:JAN]; Primidona [INN-Spanish]; Prestwick1_000933; SPBio_001325; KBioSS_001312 show less «

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Primidone
Name (isomeric):	DB00794
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	An antiepileptic agent related to the barbiturates; it is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite. Adverse effects are reported to be more frequent than with PHENOBARBITAL. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p309)
Brand:	Misodine, Mizodin, Desoxyphenobarbitone, Pyrimidone Medi-Pets, Myidone, Primoline, Resimatil, Midone, Majsolin, Prysoline, Lepimidin, Mysoline, Pms Primidone, Mizolin, Hexamidine, Cyral, Mylepsin, Primacone, Mysedon, Primidone Methanol Solution, Primidon, Liskantin, Primaclone, Lepsiral, Primakton, Milepsin, Medi-Pets, Pyrimidone "Medi-Pets", Apo-Primidone, Mylepsinum, Hexadiona, Misolyne, Sertan, Neurosyn, Prilepsin, Primacione
Category:	Barbiturates, Anticonvulsants
CAS number:	125-33-7

Pharmacology

Indication:	For the treatment of epilepsy
Pharmacology:	Primidone is a barbiturate with anticonvulsant properties. Primidone, either alone or used concomitantly with other anticonvulsants, is indicated in the control of grand mal, psychomotor, and focal epileptic seizures. It may control grand mal seizures refractory to other anticonvulsant therapy. Primidone raises electro- or chemoshock seizure thresh... show more » Primidone is a barbiturate with anticonvulsant properties. Primidone, either alone or used concomitantly with other anticonvulsants, is indicated in the control of grand mal, psychomotor, and focal epileptic seizures. It may control grand mal seizures refractory to other anticonvulsant therapy. Primidone raises electro- or chemoshock seizure thresholds or alters seizure patterns in experimental animals. Primidone per se has anticonvulsant activity as do its two metabolites, phenobarbital and phenylethylmalonamide (PEMA). In addition to its anticonvulsant activity, Primidone potentiates that of phenobarbital in experimental animals. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	Primidone is a GABA receptor agonist. The mechanism of Primidone's antiepileptic action is not known.
Absorption:	90 to 100%
Protein binding:	70%
Biotransformation:	Hepatic
Half Life:	3-23 hours
Toxicity:	Symptoms of an overdose typically include sluggishness, incoordination, difficulty in thinking, slowness of speech, faulty judgment, drowsiness or coma, shallow breathing, staggering, and in severe cases coma and death.
Affected organisms:	Humans and other mammals

Interactions

Food interaction:

Avoid alcohol.

Avoid high doses of caffeine.

Take with food to reduce gastric irritation.

Drug interaction:

Hydrocortisone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.
Quinidine	The anticonvulsant, primidone, decreases the effect of quinidine.
Voriconazole	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of voriconazole.
Aminophylline	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of aminophylline.
Ethinyl Estradiol	This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect

Hydrocortisone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, hydrocortisone.
Quinidine	The anticonvulsant, primidone, decreases the effect of quinidine.
Voriconazole	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of voriconazole.
Aminophylline	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of aminophylline.
Ethinyl Estradiol	This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect
Tretinoin	The strong CYP2C8 inducer, Primidone, may increase the metabolism and clearance of oral Tretinoin. Consider alternate therapy to avoid failure of Tretinoin therapy or monitor for changes in Tretinoin effectiveness and adverse/toxic effects if Primidone is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Estriol	The enzyme inducer, primidone, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, estriol.
Metronidazole	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of metronidazole.
Folic Acid	Folic acid decreases the effect of anticonvulsant, primidone.
Dicumarol	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the anticoagulant effect, dicumarol.
Felbamate	Felbamate may increase the effect and toxicity of primidone.
Theophylline	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of theophylline.
Quinestrol	The enzyme inducer, primidone, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, quinestrol.
Estrone	The enzyme inducer, primidone, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, estrone.
Dexamethasone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, dexamethasone.
Verapamil	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of the calcium channel blocker, verapamil.
Betamethasone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, betamethasone.
Doxycycline	The anticonvulsant, primidone, decreases the effect of doxycycline.
Fludrocortisone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, fludrocortisone.
Temsirolimus	Primidone may increase the metabolism of Temsirolimus decreasing its efficacy. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
Cortisone acetate	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, cortisone acetate.
Diethylstilbestrol	The enzyme inducer, primidone, may decrease the effect of the hormone agent, diethylstilbestrol.
Telithromycin	Primidone may decrease the plasma concentration of Telithromycin. Consider alternate therapy.
Triprolidine	The CNS depressants, Triprolidine and Primidone, may increase adverse/toxic effects due to additivity. Monitor for increased CNS depressant effects during concomitant therapy.
Acenocoumarol	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the anticoagulant effect of acenocoumarol.
Mestranol	This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect
Tramadol	Primidone may decrease the effect of Tramadol by increasing Tramadol metabolism and clearance.
Megestrol	The enzyme inducer, primidone, may decrease the effect of the hormone, megestrol.
Felodipine	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of felodipine.
Conjugated Estrogens	The enzyme inducer, primidone, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, conjugated estrogens.
Triamcinolone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, triamcinolone.
Medroxyprogesterone	The enzyme inducer, primidone, may decrease the effect of the hormone, medroxyprogesterone.
Nifedipine	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of the calcium channel blocker, nifedipine.
Methadone	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of methadone.
Anisindione	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the anticoagulant effect of anisindione.
Divalproex sodium	Divalproex sodium increases the effect of the barbiturate, primidone.
Trazodone	The CYP3A4 inducer, Primidone, may decrease Trazodone efficacy by increasing Trazodone metabolism and clearance. Monitor for changes in Trazodone efficacy/toxicity if Primidone is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Clomifene	The enzyme inducer, primidone, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, clomifene.
Cyclosporine	The barbiturate, primidone, increases the effect of cyclosporine.
Levonorgestrel	Phenobarbital decreases the effect of levonorgestrel
Prednisone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisone.
Methoxyflurane	The barbiturate, primidone, increases the renal toxicity of methoxyflurane.
Propranolol	The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blocker
Prednisolone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, prednisolone.
Griseofulvin	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of griseofulvin.
Estropipate	The enzyme inducer, primidone, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, estropipate.
Warfarin	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin.
Gefitinib	The CYP3A4 inducer, primidone, may decrease the serum concentration and therapeutic effects of gefitinib.
Oxtriphylline	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of oxtriphylline.
Dyphylline	The barbiturate, primidone, decreases the effect of dyphylline.
Norethindrone	This product may cause a slight decrease of contraceptive effect
Metoprolol	The barbiturate decreases the effect of metabolized beta-blocker
Paramethasone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, paramethasone.
Estradiol	The enzyme inducer, primidone, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, estradiol.
Methylprednisolone	The barbiturate, primidone, may decrease the effect of the corticosteroid, methylprednisolone.
Chlorotrianisene	The enzyme inducer, primidone, decreases the effect of the hormone agent, chlorotrianisene.