QuickView for Progesterone (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 10686837

Name:	Progesterone
PubChem Compound ID:	10686837
Description:	The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.
Molecular formula:	C₂₁H₃₀O₂
Molecular weight:	315.454 g/mol

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Progesterone
Name (isomeric):	DB00396
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.
Synonyms:	Corpus Luteum Hormone; Progesteronum; Progesterona [INN-Spanish]; Progesteronum [INN-Latin]
Brand:	Syngestrets, Fologenon, Progestasert, Lutogyl, Progestosol, Piaponon, Lutidon, Progestogel, Prochieve, Proluton, Prolidon, Luteogan, Hormoflaveine, Membrettes, Lutromone, Prolutone, Prolets, Progekan, Progestron, Luteostab, Lutocyclin M, Gesterol, Corluvite, Thiuram E, Cyclogesterin, Progestol, Luteosan, Progeston, Lutocylol, Corlutina, Luteocrin Normale, Lingusorbs, Gestormone, Hormoluton, Syngesterone, Corporin, Lipo-Lutin, Delalutin, Lucorteum, Luteol, Pranone, Cycrin, Luteovis, Percutacrine Luteinique, Luteohormone, Lutocuclin M, Luteal Hormone, Prolutin, Protormone, Luteinique, Gestone, Projestaject, Progestone, Pregnenedione, Luteodyn, Gynlutin, Gesterol 50, Prometrium, Colprosterone, Agolutin, Gesterol 100, Progestin, Nalutron, Gynolutone, Thiuranide, Flavolutan, Lucorteum Sol, Curretab, Lutin, Syntolutan, Luteopur, Utrogestan, Bio-Luton, Percutacrine, Progesterol, Gestron, Lutoform, Methylpregnone, Lutren, Lutex, Lutociclina, Progestronol, Amen, Lutocylin, Glanducorpin, Crinone, Gynoluton, Cyclogest, Gestiron, Corlutin, Lutocyclin, Primolut
Brand name mixture:	Component E-C Implants(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone), Component E-S Implants with Tylan(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone + Tylosin Tartrate), Calf-Oid Implant(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone), Synovex C(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone), Synovex S(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone), Component E-S Implants(Estradiol Benzoate + Progestero... show more » Component E-C Implants(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone), Component E-S Implants with Tylan(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone + Tylosin Tartrate), Calf-Oid Implant(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone), Synovex C(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone), Synovex S(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone), Component E-S Implants(Estradiol Benzoate + Progesterone) show less «
Category:	Progestins, Contraceptives
CAS number:	57-83-0

Pharmacology

Indication:	For progesterone supplementation or replacement as part of an Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) treatment for infertile women with progesterone deficiency and for the treatment of secondary amenorrhea. Also used for the reduction of the incidence of endometrial hyperplasia and the attendant risk of endometrial carcinoma in postmenopausal women receiving estrogen replacement therapy, as well as treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding due to hormonal imbalance in the absence of organic pathology such as fibroids or uterine cancer.
Pharmacology:	Progesterone is a naturally occuring progestin or a synthetic form of the naturally occurring female sex hormone, progesterone. In a woman's normal menstrual cycle, an egg matures and is released from the ovaries (ovulation). The ovary then produces progesterone, preventing the release of further eggs and priming the lining of the womb for a possib... show more » Progesterone is a naturally occuring progestin or a synthetic form of the naturally occurring female sex hormone, progesterone. In a woman's normal menstrual cycle, an egg matures and is released from the ovaries (ovulation). The ovary then produces progesterone, preventing the release of further eggs and priming the lining of the womb for a possible pregnancy. If pregnancy occurs, progesterone levels in the body remain high, maintaining the womb lining. If pregnancy does not occur, progesterone levels in the body fall, resulting in a menstrual period. Progesterone tricks the body processes into thinking that ovulation has already occurred by maintaining high levels of the synthetic progesterone. This prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	Progesterone shares the pharmacological actions of the progestins. Progesterone binds to the progesterone and estrogen receptors. Target cells include the female reproductive tract, the mammary gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary. Once bound to the receptor, progestins like Progesterone will slow the frequency of release of gonadotropin rele... show more » Progesterone shares the pharmacological actions of the progestins. Progesterone binds to the progesterone and estrogen receptors. Target cells include the female reproductive tract, the mammary gland, the hypothalamus, and the pituitary. Once bound to the receptor, progestins like Progesterone will slow the frequency of release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus and blunt the pre-ovulatory LH (luteinizing hormone) surge. In women who have adequate endogenous estrogen, progesterone transforms a proliferative endometrium into a secretory one. Progesterone is essential for the development of decidual tissue and is necessary to increase endometrial receptivity for implantation of an embryo. Once an embryo has been implanted, progesterone acts to maintain the pregnancy. Progesterone also stimulates the growth of mammary alveolar tissue and relaxes uterine smooth muscle. It has little estrogenic and androgenic activity. show less «
Absorption:	Progesterone absorption is prolonged with an absorption half-life of approximately 25-50 hours.
Protein binding:	96%-99%
Biotransformation:	Progesterone is metabolized primarily by the liver largely to pregnanediols and pregnanolones.
Route of elimination:	The glucuronide and sulfate conjugates of pregnanediol and pregnanolone are excreted in the urine and bile. Progesterone metabolites which are excreted in the bile may undergo enterohepatic recycling or may be excreted in the feces. Progesterone metabolites are excreted mainly by the kidneys.
Half Life:	34.8-55.13 hours
Clearance:	2510 +/- 135 L/day [cycling women]
Affected organisms:	Humans and other mammals

Interactions

Food interaction:

Avoid alcohol.

Increase dietary intake of magnesium, folate, vitamin B6, B12, and/or consider taking a multivitamin.

Avoid excessive quantities of coffee or tea (Caffeine).

Take with food.

Take at the same time everyday.

Drug interaction:

Topotecan

The p-glycoprotein inhibitor, Progesterone, may increase the bioavailability of oral Topotecan. A clinically significant effect is also expected with IV Topotecan. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.

Targets

Progesterone receptor