QuickView for Ticlopidine (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 5472

Name:	Ticlopidine
PubChem Compound ID:	5472
Description:	Ticlopidine is an effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation. The drug has been found to significantly reduce infarction size in acute myocardial infarcts and is an effective antithrombotic agent in arteriovenous fistulas, aorto-coronary bypass grafts, ischemic heart disease, venous thrombosis, and arteriosclerosis.
Molecular formula:	C₁₄H₁₄ClNS
Molecular weight:	263.786 g/mol
Synonyms:	CAS-53885-35-1; 55142-85-3; Prestwick1_000047; Thieno[3,2-c]pyridine, 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-; SPBio_002094; Ticlopidine; Ticlopidine hydrochloride; Ticlopidinum [INN-Latin]; 5-((2-Chlorophenyl)methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno(3,2-c)pyridine; NCGC00016872-01. show more » CAS-53885-35-1; 55142-85-3; Prestwick1_000047; Thieno[3,2-c]pyridine, 5-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-; SPBio_002094; Ticlopidine; Ticlopidine hydrochloride; Ticlopidinum [INN-Latin]; 5-((2-Chlorophenyl)methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno(3,2-c)pyridine; NCGC00016872-01; Thieno(3,2-c)pyridine, 5-((2-chlorophenyl)methyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-; C07140; EINECS 259-498-5; PCR 5332; Ticlopidina [INN-Spanish]; Thieno(3,2-c)pyridine, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-((2-chlorophenyl)methyl)-; Prestwick0_000047; BRN 1216802 show less «

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Ticlopidine
Name (isomeric):	DB00208
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	Ticlopidine is an effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation. The drug has been found to significantly reduce infarction size in acute myocardial infarcts and is an effective antithrombotic agent in arteriovenous fistulas, aorto-coronary bypass grafts, ischemic heart disease, venous thrombosis, and arteriosclerosis.
Synonyms:	Ticlopidine Hydrochloride; Ticlopidine HCL
Brand:	Ticlid
Category:	Fibrinolytic Agents, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
CAS number:	55142-85-3

Pharmacology

Indication:	Used to reduce the risk of thrombotic stroke (fatal or nonfatal) in patients who have experienced stroke precursors, and in patients who have had a completed thrombotic stroke.
Pharmacology:	Ticlopidine is a platelet aggregation inhibitor structurally and pharmacologically similar to clopidogrel. When taken orally, ticlopidine causes a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of both platelet aggregation and release of platelet granule constituents, as well as a prolongation of bleeding time. The intact drug has no significant in vitro acti... show more » Ticlopidine is a platelet aggregation inhibitor structurally and pharmacologically similar to clopidogrel. When taken orally, ticlopidine causes a time- and dose-dependent inhibition of both platelet aggregation and release of platelet granule constituents, as well as a prolongation of bleeding time. The intact drug has no significant in vitro activity at the concentrations attained in vivo; and, although analysis of urine and plasma indicates at least 20 metabolites, no metabolite which accounts for the activity of ticlopidine has been isolated. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	The active metabolite of ticlopidine prevents binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet receptor, impairing the ADP-mediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex. It is proposed that the inhibition involves a defect in the mobilization from the storage sites of the platelet granules to the outer membrane. No direct interfe... show more » The active metabolite of ticlopidine prevents binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to its platelet receptor, impairing the ADP-mediated activation of the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex. It is proposed that the inhibition involves a defect in the mobilization from the storage sites of the platelet granules to the outer membrane. No direct interference occurs with the GPIIb/IIIa receptor. As the glycoprotein GPIIb/IIIa complex is the major receptor for fibrinogen, its impaired activation prevents fibrinogen binding to platelets and inhibits platelet aggregation. By blocking the amplification of platelet activation by released ADP, platelet aggregation induced by agonists other than ADP is also inhibited by the active metabolite of ticlopidine. show less «
Absorption:	Absorption is greater than 80%. Food increases absorption.
Protein binding:	Binds reversibly (98%) to plasma proteins, mainly to serum albumin and lipoproteins. The binding to albumin and lipoproteins is nonsaturable over a wide concentration range. Ticlopidine also binds to alpha-1 acid glycoprotein. At concentrations attained with the recommended dose, only 15% or less ticlopidine in plasma is bound to this protein.
Biotransformation:	Metabolized extensively by the liver; only trace amounts of intact drug are detected in the urine. At least 20 metabolites have been identified. It has been proposed that 1 or more active metabolites may account for ticlopidine's activity, because ticlopidine itself is an extremely weak platelet aggregation inhibitor in vitro at the concentrations achieved in vivo. However, no active metabolite has been identified.
Route of elimination:	Ticlopidine hydrochloride is metabolized extensively by the liver; only trace amounts of intact drug are detected in the urine. Approximately 1/3 of the dose excreted in the feces is intact ticlopidine hydrochloride, possibly excreted in the bile.
Half Life:	Half-life following a single 250-mg dose is approximately 7.9 hours in subjects 20 to 43 years of age and 12.6 hours in subjects 65 to 76 years of age. With repeated dosing (250 mg twice a day), half-life is about 4 days in subjects 20 to 43 years of age and about 5 days in subjects 65 to 76 years of age.
Toxicity:	Single oral doses of ticlopidine at 1600 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg were lethal to rats and mice, respectively. Symptoms of acute toxicity were GI hemorrhage, convulsions, hypothermia, dyspnea, loss of equilibrium and abnormal gait.
Affected organisms:	Humans and other mammals

Interactions

Drug interaction:

Tramadol	Ticlopidine may decrease the effect of Tramadol by decreasing active metabolite production.
Ifosfamide	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Ifosfamide. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Ifosfamide if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Imipramine	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Imipramine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Imipramine if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Nilutamide	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Nilutamide. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Nilutamide if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Bortezomib	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Bortezomib. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Bortezomib if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.

Tramadol	Ticlopidine may decrease the effect of Tramadol by decreasing active metabolite production.
Ifosfamide	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Ifosfamide. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Ifosfamide if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Imipramine	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Imipramine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Imipramine if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Nilutamide	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Nilutamide. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Nilutamide if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Bortezomib	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Bortezomib. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Bortezomib if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Acetylsalicylic acid	Increased effect of ticlopidine
Methsuximide	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Methsuximide. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Methsuximide if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Thioridazine	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism of Thioridazine. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
Phenytoin	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of phenytoin. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of phenytoin if ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Streptokinase	Increased bleeding risk. Monitor for signs of bleeding.
Cyclosporine	Ticlopidine decreases the effect of cyclosporine
Tenecteplase	Increased bleeding risk. Monitor for signs of bleeding.
Carisoprodol	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Carisoprodol. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Carisoprodol if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Heparin	Increased bleeding risk. Monitor aPTT.
Treprostinil	The prostacyclin analogue, Treprostinil, increases the risk of bleeding when combined with the antiplatelet agent, Ticlopidine. Monitor for increased bleeding during concomitant thearpy.
Cilostazol	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Cilostazol. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Cilostazol if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Ethotoin	Ticlopidine increases the effect of hydantoin
Alteplase	Increased bleeding risk. Monitor for signs of bleeding.
Citalopram	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Citalopram. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Citalopram if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Tamsulosin	Ticlopidine, a CYP2D6 inhibitor, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tamsulosin, a CYP2D6 substrate. Monitor for changes in therapeutic/adverse effects of Tamsulosin if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued, or dose changed.
Diazepam	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Diazepam. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Diazepam if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Trimipramine	The strong CYP2C19 inhibitor, ticlopidine, may decrease the metabolism and clearance of trimipramine, a CYP2C19 substrate. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in therapeutic and adverse effects of trimipramine if ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Reteplase	Increased bleeding risk. Monitor for signs of bleeding.
Sodium bicarbonate	Sodium bicarbonate may decrease Ticlopidine levels. Administer agents 1 to 2 hours apart.
Warfarin	Increased bleeding risk. Monitor INR.
Moclobemide	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Moclobemide. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Moclobemide if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Cimetidine	Cimetidine may increase Ticlopidine levels. Avoid concomitant therapy.
Phenobarbital	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Phenobarbital. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Phenobarbital if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Fosphenytoin	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Fosphenytoin. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Fosphenytoin if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Mephenytoin	Ticlopidine increases the effect of hydantoin
Oxtriphylline	Ticlopidine increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Aminophylline	Ticlopidine increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Theophylline	Ticlopidine increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Tizanidine	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Tizanidine. Consider alternate therapy or use caution during co-administration.
Escitalopram	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Escitalopram. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Ambrisentan if Escitalopram is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Pentamidine	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Pentamidine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Pentamidine if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Clomipramine	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Clomipramine. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Clomipramine if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Carbamazepine	Ticlopidine increases the effect of carbamazepine
Tamoxifen	Ticlopidine may decrease the therapeutic effect of tamoxifen by decreasing the production of active metabolites. Consider alternate therapy.
Ginkgo biloba	Additive anticoagulant/antiplatelet effects may increase bleed risk. Concomitant therapy should be avoided.
Clobazam	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Clobazam. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Clobazam if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
ambrisentan	Ticlopidine may decrease the metabolism and clearance of Ambrisentan. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for adverse/toxic effects of Ambrisentan if Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
Dyphylline	Ticlopidine increases the effect and toxicity of theophylline
Digoxin	Ticlopidine may decrease Digoxin levels. Monitor for Digoxin levels with Ticlopidine is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.

Targets

Enzymes