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QuickView for allopurinol (compound)


PubChem
Name: Allopurinol
PubChem Compound ID: 2094
Description: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.
Molecular formula: C5H4N4O
Molecular weight: 136.112 g/mol
Synonyms:
Urbol; Uriprim; AIDS-068904; Aloral; Alositol; Lopurin; Embarin; 4-Hydroxypyrazolo(3,4-d)pyrimidine; 1H-Pyrazolo[3, 4-d]pyrimidin-4-ol; KBioGR_000550.
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DrugBank
Identification
Name: Allopurinol
Name (isomeric): DB00437
Drug Type: small molecule
Description: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.
Synonyms:
Allopurinol Sodium; Allopurinolum [INN-Latin]; Alopurinol [INN-Spanish]
Brand: Urbol, Miniplanor, Ledopur, Allural, Lopurin, Xanturat, Suspendol, Allozym, Aluline, Zyloric, Epuric, Epidropal, Remid, Cellidrin, Ketobun-A, Urtias 100, Urtias, Dabrosin, Aloral, Milurit, Uripurinol, Allo-Puren, Zyloprim, Apo-Allopurinol, 7HP, Alositol, Bloxanth, Apurin, Purinol, Uritas, Adenock, Apulonga, Apurol, Nektrohan, Sigapurol, Dura Al, Bleminol, Anoprolin, Monarch, Urolit, Aloprim, Dabroson, Anzief, Uricemil, Takanarumin, Foligan, Hamarin, Allopur, Gotax, Gichtex, Lysuron, Geapur, Cosuric, Progout, Allohexal, Urosin, Uriprim, Ailural, Embarin, HPP, Ketanrift, Riball, Atisuril, Hexanuret, Caplenal, Urobenyl
Category: Antimetabolites, Free Radical Scavengers, Enzyme Inhibitors, Gout Suppressants, Enzyme Inhibitors Antimetabolites
CAS number: 315-30-0
Pharmacology
Indication: For the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with primary or secondary gout. Also indicated for the treatment of primary or secondary uric acid nephropathy, with or without the symptoms of gout, as well as chemotherapy-induced hyperuricemia and recurrent renal calculi.
Pharmacology: Allopurinol, a structural analog of the natural purine base hypoxanthine, is used to prevent gout and renal calculi due to either uric acid or calcium oxalate and to treat uric acid nephropathy, hyperuricemia, and some solid tumors.
Mechanism of Action:
Allopurinol and its active metabolite, oxypurinol, inhibits the enzyme xanthine oxidase, blocking the conversion of the oxypurines hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid. Elevated concentrations of oxypurine and oxypurine inhibition of xanthine oxidase through negative feedback results in a decrease in the concentrations of uric acid in the serum a...
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Absorption: Approximately 80-90% absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
Protein binding: Allopurinol and oxypurinol are not bound to plasma proteins
Biotransformation: Hepatic
Route of elimination: Approximately 20% of the ingested allopurinol is excreted in the feces.
Half Life: 1-3 hours
Toxicity: LD50=214 mg/kg (in mice)
Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Food interaction:
Avoid alcohol.
Take with a full glass of water.
Take with food.
Drug interaction:
MercaptopurineAllopurinol may increase the effect of thiopurine, mercaptopurine.
AnisindioneAllopurinol may increase the anticoagulant effect of anisindione.
AcenocoumarolAllopurinol may increase the anticoagulant effect of acenocoumarol.
DicumarolAllopurinol may increase the anticoagulant effect of dicumarol.
CyclosporineAllopurinol increases the effect and toxicity of cyclosporine
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