Name: | Amoxicillin |
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PubChem Compound ID: | 20847 |
Description: | A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration. |
Molecular formula: | C17H26Cl3N3O |
Molecular weight: | 394.766 g/mol |
Synonyms: |
CLAMOXYQUIN DIHYDROCHLORIDE; Clamoxyl (TN); 8-Quinolinol, 5-chloro-7-(((3-(diethylamino)propyl)amino)methyl)-, dihydrochloride; 5-Chloro-7-(((3-(diethylamino)propyl)amino)methyl)-8-quinolinol dihydrochloride; Clamoxyquin hydrochloride (USAN); CN-17,900-2B; Clamoxyquin hydrochloride; Clamoxyquin hydrochloride [USAN]; D03529; CI 433.
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Name: | Amoxicillin |
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Name (isomeric): | DB01060 |
Drug Type: | small molecule |
Description: | A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration. |
Synonyms: |
Amoxycillin Trihydrate; Amoxicillin Trihydrate; Amoxicillin anhydrous; Amoxycillin; Amoxicilina [INN-Spanish]; p-Hydroxyampicillin; AMC; Amoxicillinum [INN-Latin]; D-Amoxicillin; Amoxicilline [INN-French]
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Brand: | Amoxil, Imacillin, Unicillin, Ospamox, Bristamox, Efpenix, Wymox, Amoxi-Mast, Actimoxi, Ibiamox, Vetramox, Moxacin, Dispermox, Utimox, Amoxivet, Cemoxin, Delacillin, Amopenixin, Anemolin, Trimox, Metafarma capsules, Aspenil, Flemoxin, Robamox, Polymox, Amopen, Pamoxicillin, Amoxibiotic, Piramox, Biomox, Amoclen, Lamoxy, Sawamox PM, Sumox, Hiconcil, Zimox, AMPC, Clamoxyl, Tolodina, Moxal, Amoxiden, Amoxi, Amolin, Histocillin, Metifarma capsules |
Brand name mixture: | Co-amoxiclav(amoxicillin + clavulanic acid), Prevpac(amoxicillin + clarithromycin + lansoprazole), Augmentin(amoxicillin + clavulanic acid) |
Category: | Anti-Bacterial Agents, Penicillins |
CAS number: | 26787-78-0 |
Indication: | For the treatment of infections of the ear, nose, and throat, the genitourinary tract, the skin and skin structure, and the lower respiratory tract due to susceptible (only b-lactamase-negative) strains of <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. (a- and b-hemolytic strains only), <i>S. pneumoniae</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp., <i>H. influenzae</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, <i>P. mirabilis</i>, or <i>E. faecalis</i>. Also for the treatment of acute, uncomplicated gonorrhea (ano-genital and urethral infections) due to <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i> (males and females). |
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Pharmacology: |
Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum antibiotic active against a wide range of Gram-positive, and a limited range of Gram-negative organisms. It is usually the drug of choice within the class because it is better absorbed, following oral administration, than other beta-lactam antibiotics. Amoxicillin is susceptible to degradation by β-lactamase-...
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Mechanism of Action: |
Amoxicillin binds to penicillin-binding protein 1A (PBP-1A) located inside the bacterial cell well. Penicillins acylate the penicillin-sensitive transpeptidase C-terminal domain by opening the lactam ring. This inactivation of the enzyme prevents the formation of a cross-link of two linear peptidoglycan strands, inhibiting the third and last stage ...
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Absorption: | Rapidly absorbed after oral administration. |
Protein binding: | In blood serum, amoxicillin is approximately 20% protein-bound |
Biotransformation: | Hepatic metabolism accounts for less than 30% of the biotransformation of most penicillins |
Route of elimination: | Most of the amoxicillin is excreted unchanged in the urine; its excretion can be delayed by concurrent administration of probenecid. |
Half Life: | 61.3 minutes |
Toxicity: | Serious toxicity is unlikely following large doses of amoxicillin. Acute ingestion of large doses of amoxicillin may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Acute oliguric renal failure and hematuria may occur following large doses. |
Affected organisms: | Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria |
Food interaction: |
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