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QuickView for atorvastatin (compound)


PubChem
Name: atorvastatin
PubChem Compound ID: 10510480
Molecular formula: C66H68CaF2N4O10
Molecular weight: 1159.33 g/mol
DrugBank
Identification
Name: atorvastatin
Name (isomeric): DB01076
Drug Type: small molecule
Synonyms:
Atorvastatin calcium
Brand: Torvacard, Faboxim, Atogal, Tozalip, Sotis, Tulip, Totalip, Xarator, Sortis, Xavator, Liprimar, Torvast, Vastina, Zurinel, Atorpic, Normalip, Xanator, Cardyl, Sincol, Lowden, Lipitor, Lipovastatinklonal, Hipolixan, Lipotropic
Brand name mixture: Caduet(atorvastatin calcium, amlodipine besilate)
Category: HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Anticholesteremic Agents, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
CAS number: 134523-00-5
Pharmacology
Indication: May be used as primary prevention in individuals with multiple risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and as secondary prevention in individuals with CHD to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, angina, and revascularization procedures. May be used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). May be used in the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, primary dysbetalipoproteinemia, and/or hypertriglyeridemia as an adjunct to dietary therapy to decrease serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and triglyceride concentrations, while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels.
Pharmacology:
Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, is used to lower serum total and LDL cholesterol, apoB, and triglyceride levels while increasing HDL cholesterol. High LDL-C, low HDL-C and high TG concentrations in the plasma are associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The total cholesterol t...
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Mechanism of Action:
Atorvastatin selectively and competitively inhibits the hepatic enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. As HMG-CoA reductase is responsible for converting HMG-CoA to mevalonate in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, this results in a subsequent decrease in hepatic cholesterol levels. Decreased hepatic cholesterol levels stimulates upregulation of hepatic LDL-C...
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Absorption: Atorvastatin is rapidly absorbed after oral administration with maximum plasma concentrations achieved in 1 to 2 hours. The absolute bioavailability of atorvastatin (parent drug) is approximately 12% and the systemic availability of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory activity is approximately 30%. The low systemic bioavailability is due to presystemic clearance by gastrointestinal mucosa and first-pass metabolism in the liver.
Protein binding: 98% bound to plasma proteins
Biotransformation: Atorvastatin is extensively metabolized to ortho- and parahydroxylated derivatives and various beta-oxidation products. In vitro inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase by ortho- and parahydroxylated metabolites is equivalent to that of atorvastatin. Approximately 70% of circulating inhibitory activity for HMG-CoA reductase is attributed to active metabolites.
Route of elimination: Eliminated primarily in bile after hepatic and/or extrahepatic metabolism. Does not appear to undergo significant enterohepatic recirculation. Less than 2% of the orally administered dose is recovered in urine.
Half Life: 14 hours, but half-life of HMG-CoA inhibitor activity is 20-30 hours due to longer-lived active metabolites
Toxicity: Generally well-tolerated. Side effects may include myalgia, constipation, asthenia, abdominal pain, and nausea. Other possible side effects include myotoxicity (myopathy, myositis, rhabdomyolysis) and hepatotoxicity. To avoid toxicity in Asian patients, lower doses should be considered.
Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Food interaction:
Avoid alcohol.
Avoid taking grapefruit or grapefruit juice throughout treatment. Grapefruit can significantly increase serum levels of this product.
Take with low fat meal.
Food may decrease maximum plasma levels and area under the curve, but this is clinically inconsequential according to the manufacturer.
Avoid drastic changes in dietary habit.
Drug interaction:
ColchicineIncreased risk of rhadbomyolysis with this combination.
TelithromycinThe macrolide antibiotic, telithromycin, may increase the serum concentration of atorvastatin by decreasing its metabolism. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for changes in the therapeutic and adverse effects of atorvastatin if telithromycin is initiated, discontinued or dose changed.
FluconazoleIncreased risk of myopathy/rhabdomyolysis
AtazanavirAtazanavir may increase the serum concentration of atorvastatin by decreasing its metabolism. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
IndinavirIndinavir, a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, may increase the serum concentration of atorvastatin by decreasing its metabolism. Concomitant therapy is contraindicated.
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