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PubChem
| Name: | Dextroamphetamine |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 5825 |
| Description: | The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. |
| Molecular formula: | C18H28N2O4S |
| Molecular weight: | 368.492 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Dexedrina; Amphetasul; Dexedrine; Zamine; d-alpha-Methylphenethylamine sulfate; Simpamina-D; Dexamed; Betaphedrine; Betafedrina; Apetain.
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Dextroamphetamine |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB01576 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. |
| Synonyms: |
(s)-(+)-beta-phenylisopropylamine; (s)-(+)-amphetamine; (2S)-1-phenylpropan-2-amine; (+)-alpha-methylphenethylamine; Dexamfetaminum [inn-latin]; D-amphetamine; (2S)-(+)-Amphetamine; D-am; d-1-Phenyl-2-aminopropan [German]; (+)-phenaminum.
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| Brand: | Dexidrine, Dexedrine Spansule, Amsustain, Dexacaps, Dexadrine, Dextrostat, Dephadren, Desoxyn, Sympamin, Dexedrine |
| Brand name mixture: | Adderall XR(Amphetamine Aspartate Monohydrate + Amphetamine Sulfate + Dextroamphetamine Saccharate + Dextroamphetamine Sulfate) |
| Category: | Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors, Adrenergic Agents, Sympathomimetics, Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Dopamine Agents |
| CAS number: | 51-64-9 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | Used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Amphetamines such as dextroamphetamine are noncatecholamine, sympathomimetic amines with CNS stimulant activity. Peripheral actions include elevations of systolic and diastolic blood pressures and weak bronchodilator and respiratory stimulant action. There is neither specific evidence that clearly establishes the mechanism whereby amphetamines prod...
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| Mechanism of Action: |
The exact mechanism of action is not known. Dextroamphetamine stimulates the release of norepinephrine from central adrenergic receptors. At higher dosages, it causes release of dopamine from the mesocorticolimbic system and the nigrostriatal dopamine systems by reversal of the monoamine transporters. Dextroamphetamine may also act as a direct agon...
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| Absorption: | Oral bioavailability is over 75%. |
| Biotransformation: | Hepatic. |
| Half Life: | 10-28 hours (average is approximately 12 hours) |
| Toxicity: | In rats, the oral LD50 of dextroamphetamine sulfate is 96.8 mg/kg. Manifestations of acute overdosage with amphetamines include restlessness, tremor, hyperreflexia, rhabdomyolysis, rapid respiration, hyperpyrexia, confusion, assaultiveness, hallucinations, panic states. Fatigue and depression usually follow the central stimulation. Cardiovascular effects include arrhythmias, hypertension or hypotension, and circulatory collapse. Gastrointestinal symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. Fatal poisoning is usually preceded by convulsions and coma. |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
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Targets
Enzymes
