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QuickView for divalproex sodium (compound)


DrugBank
Identification
Name: Divalproex Sodium
Name (isomeric): DB00510
Drug Type: small molecule
Synonyms:
Valproate semisodium
Brand: Depakote CP, Depakote, Epival, Depakote Sprinkle, Depakote ER
Category: GABA Agents, Antimanic Agents, Anticonvulsants
CAS number: 76584-70-8
Pharmacology
Indication: For treatment and management of seizure disorders, mania, and prophylactic treatment of migraine headache.
Pharmacology:
Divalproex is a stable co-ordination compound comprised of sodium valproate and valproic acid in a 1:1 molar relationship and formed during the partial neutralization of valproic acid with 0.5 equivalent of sodium hydroxide. Divalproex is an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder. I...
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Mechanism of Action:
Divalproex binds to and inhibits GABA transaminase. The drug's anticonvulsant activity may be related to increased brain concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS, by inhibiting enzymes that catabolize GABA or block the reuptake of GABA into glia and nerve endings. Divalproex may also work by suppre...
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Absorption: Rapid absorption from gastrointestinal tract.
Protein binding: 80-90%
Biotransformation: Divalproex is metabolized almost entirely by the liver. Mitochondrial ß-oxidation is the other major metabolic pathway, typically accounting for over 40% of the dose.
Route of elimination: Valproate is metabolized almost entirely by the liver.
Half Life: 9-16 hours
Toxicity: Overdosage with divalproex may result in somnolence,heart block,and deep coma. Fatalities have been reported; however patients have recovered from divalproex levels as high as 2120 µg/mL.
Affected organisms: Humans and other mammals
Interactions
Food interaction:
Take with food to reduce irritation.
Food slows the rate of absorption but the extent of absorption is not affected.
Drug interaction:
Acetylsalicylic acidAcetylsalicylic acid increases the effect of divalproex sodium.
TalbutalDivalproex sodium increases the effect of the barbiturate, talbutal.
PrimidoneDivalproex sodium increases the effect of the barbiturate, primidone.
MephenytoinValproate increases the effect of hydantoin
Magnesium salicylateThe salicylate, magnesium salicylate, increases the effect of divalproex sodium.
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Targets