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QuickView for ethyl alcohol (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Ethanol |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 11262180 |
| Description: | A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES. |
| Molecular formula: | C2H4O |
| Molecular weight: | 44.0526 g/mol |
DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Ethanol |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00898 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES. |
| Synonyms: |
Ethyl Alcohol; Beta-Hydroxyethylamine; Alcool Ethylique; HSDB 531; Alcohol; Beta-Aminoethanol; Denatured Alcohol; Ethyl Alcohol, Denatured; USAF EK-1597; Aminoethanol.
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| Brand: | Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 80%, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 95%, Denatured Alcohol Cd-5, Spirit, Colamine, Ethanol Absolute Bp, Aethylalkohol, Thanol, Denatured Alcohol Sd-23a, Ethanol, Silent Spirit, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 50%, Denatured Alcohol Sd-13a, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 70%, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 20%, Ethanol Absolute, Glycinol, Denatured Alcohol Sd-30, Denatured Alcohol Sd-40m, Alcare Hand Degermer, Tecsol, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 10%, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 5%, Jaysol S, Denatured Alcohol Sd-17, Denatured Alcohol Sd-3a, Envision Conditioner Pdd 9020, Pyro, Denatured Alcohol Cd-5a, Denatured Alcohol Cd-10, Jaysol, Reagent Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 30%, Aethanol, Tecsol C, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 40%, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 96%, Thiofaco M-50, Methylated Spirit Mineralised, Ethyl Alcohol & Water, 60%, Denatured Alcohol Sd-39c, Denatured Alcohol Sd-39b, Algrain, Denatured Alcohol Sd-1, Synasol, Denatured Alcohol Sd-28, Anhydrol |
| Category: | Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Disinfectants, Solvents, Central Nervous System Depressants |
| CAS number: | 64-17-5 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For therapeutic neurolysis of nerves or ganglia for the relief of intractable chronic pain in such conditions as inoperable cancer and trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux), in patients for whom neurosurgical procedures are contraindicated. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Alcohol produces injury to cells by dehydration and precipitation of the cytoplasm or protoplasm. This accounts for its bacteriocidal and antifungal action. When alcohol is injected in close proximity to nerve tissues, it produces neuritis and nerve degeneration (neurolysis). Ninety to 98% of ethanol that enters the body is completely oxidized. Eth...
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| Mechanism of Action: |
Ethanol affects the brain’s neurons in several ways. It alters their membranes as well as their ion channels, enzymes, and receptors. Alcohol also binds directly to the receptors for acetylcholine, serotonin, GABA, and the NMDA receptors for glutamate.
The sedative effects of ethanol are mediated through binding to GABA receptors and glycine recept...
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| Absorption: | Rapidly absorbed. |
| Biotransformation: | Hepatic. Metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2E1. |
| Toxicity: | Oral, rat LD50: 5628 mg/kg. Symptoms and effects of overdose include nausea, vomiting, CNS depression, acute respiratory failure or death and with chronic use, severe health problems, such as liver and brain damage. |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
| Drug interaction: |
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Targets
Enzymes
