Name: | Hydroxyurea |
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PubChem Compound ID: | 3657 |
Description: | An antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase. |
Molecular formula: | CH4N2O2 |
Molecular weight: | 76.0547 g/mol |
Synonyms: |
Hydura; Hydroxycarbamidum [INN-Latin]; Hidroxicarbamida [INN-Spanish]; Carbamyl hydroxamate; EU-0100596; Hydroxycarbamine; KBio1_000556; HU; Hidrix; BRN 1741548.
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Name: | Hydroxyurea |
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Name (isomeric): | DB01005 |
Drug Type: | small molecule |
Description: | An antineoplastic agent that inhibits DNA synthesis through the inhibition of ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase. |
Synonyms: |
Carbamohydroximic Acid; N-Hydroxyurea; Hydroxycarbamide; Carbamohydroxamic Acid; Carbamoyl Oxime; Carbamohydroxyamic Acid; Hydroxicarbamidum; Sterile Urea; Hydroxycarbamine; HU.
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Brand: | Hidrix, Biosupressin, Ureaphil, Hydurea, Litaler, Hydrea, Droxia, Hydura, Litalir, Onco-Carbide, Hydreia, Oxyurea |
Category: | Antisickling Agents, Antineoplastic Agents, Enzyme Inhibitors, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors |
CAS number: | 127-07-1 |
Indication: | For management of melanoma, resistant chronic myelocytic leukemia, and recurrent, metastatic, or inoperable carcinoma of the ovary and Sickle-cell anemia. |
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Pharmacology: |
Hydroxyurea has dose-dependent synergistic activity with cisplatin in vitro. In vivo Hydroxyurea showed activity in combination with cisplatin against the LX-1 and CALU-6 human lung xenografts, but minimal activity was seen with the NCI-H460 or NCI-H520 xenografts. Hydroxyurea was synergistic with cisplatin in the Lewis lung murine xe...
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Mechanism of Action: |
Hydroxyurea is converted to a free radical nitroxide (NO) in vivo, and transported by diffusion into cells where it quenches the tyrosyl free radical at the active site of the M2 protein subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, inactivating the enzyme. The entire replicase complex, including ribonucleotide reductase, is inactivated and DNA synthesis is...
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Absorption: | Well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. |
Biotransformation: | Hepatic. |
Route of elimination: | Renal excretion is a pathway of elimination. |
Half Life: | 3-4 hours |
Toxicity: | Oral, mouse: LD50 = 7330 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 5760 mg/kg Teratogenicity: Teratogenic effects have occurred in experimental animals.Hydroxyurea use during a small number of human pregnancies has been reported. Adverse effects have not been observed in any of the exposed newborns. Reproductive Effects: Adverse reproductive effects have occurred in experimental animals. Mutagenicity: Mutagenic effects have occurred in experimental animals.Mutagenic effects have occurred in humans. |
Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Food interaction: |
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