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PubChem
| Name: | Levamisole |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 157282 |
| Description: | An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6) |
| Molecular formula: | C11H13ClN2S |
| Molecular weight: | 243.656 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Imidazo(2,1-b)thiazole-35S, 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-6-phenyl-, monohydrochloride; 78969-65-0
|
DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Levamisole |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00848 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6) |
| Synonyms: |
Levamisolum [INN-Latin]; Levamisol [INN-Spanish]; dl-Tetramisole; Phenyl imidothiazole; L-Tetramisole; Levamisole hydrochloride; dl-Tetramisol
|
| Brand: | Vermisol 150, Tetramisole, LEVOMYSOL, Wormicid, Levamisol, Lepuron, Ketrax, Tetramisol, Nilverm base, Ergamisol, Tramisol |
| Category: | Adjuvants, Immunologic, Antirheumatic Agents, Antinematodal Agents |
| CAS number: | 14769-73-4 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For adjuvant treatment in combination with fluorouracil after surgical resection in patients with Dukes' stage C colon cancer. Also used to treat malignant melanoma and head/neck cancer. Levamisole was originally used as an antihelminthic to treat worm infestations in both humans and animals. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Levamisole is a synthetic imidazothiazole derivative that has been widely used in treatment of worm infestations in both humans and animals. As an anthelmintic, it probably works by targeting the nematode nicotinergic acetylcholine receptor. As an immunomodulator, it appears that Levamisole is an immunostimulant which has been shown to increase NK ...
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| Mechanism of Action: |
The mechanism of action of levamisole as an antiparasitic agent appears to be tied to its agnositic activity towards the L-subtype nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nematode muscles. This agonistic action reduces the capacity of the males to control their reproductive muscles and limits their ability to copulate. The mechanism of action of Levam...
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| Absorption: | Levamisole is rapidly absorbed (2 hours) from the gastrointestinal tract. |
| Protein binding: | 20-25% |
| Biotransformation: | Primarily hepatic (extensive) with both active and inactive metabolites. |
| Half Life: | 4.4-5.6 hours (biphasic) |
| Toxicity: | LD50 = 40 mg/kg (Pigs, subcutaneous); LD50 = 180 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
| Food interaction: |
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Targets
