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QuickView for mannitol (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Mannitol |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 6251 |
| Description: | A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity. |
| Molecular formula: | C6H14O6 |
| Molecular weight: | 182.172 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
MTL; Osmosal; Diosmol; 5149-40-6; BRN 1721898; EINECS 200-711-8; 4-01-00-02841 (Beilstein Handbook Reference); Cordycepic acid; Mannitol [USAN]; Mannitol (VAN).
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Mannitol |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00742 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity. |
| Synonyms: |
D-Mannitol; Cordycepic acid
|
| Brand: | Mushroom sugar, Osmitrol 5% In Water, Isotol, Mannite, d-mannitol extra pure, Mannitol 5%, Mannitol 10% In Plastic Container, Manna sugar, Mannigen, Mannidex, Hexitol, Mannit, Osmosal, Osmitrol, Mannitol 10%, Manicol, Mannitol 15%, Resectisol, Hexanhexol, Mannitol 20%, Resectisol In Plastic Container, Osmitrol 20% In Water, Maniton-S, Mannitol BP, Mannitol 25%, SDM-25, Mannitol 15% In Plastic Container, Mannitol 5% In Plastic Container, Diosmol, Mannistol, Mannitol 20% In Plastic Container, Bronchitol, Osmitrol 10% In Water, Mannazucker, Osmitrol 15% In Water |
| Brand name mixture: | Sorbitol Mannitol Irrigation(Mannitol + Sorbitol), Cystosol W 3% Hexitols(Mannitol + Sorbitol) |
| Category: | Diuretics, Osmotic, Sweetening Agents |
| CAS number: | 69-65-8 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | Used for the promotion of diuresis before irreversible renal failure becomes established, the reduction of intracranial pressure, the treatment of cerebral edema, and the promotion of urinary excretion of toxic substances. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Chemically, mannitol is an alcohol and a sugar, or a polyol; it is similar to xylitol or sorbitol. However, mannitol has a tendency to lose a hydrogen ion in aqueous solutions, which causes the solution to become acidic. For this reason, it is not uncommon to add a substance to adjust its pH, such as sodium bicarbonate. Mannitol is commonly used to...
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| Mechanism of Action: |
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that is metabolically inert in humans and occurs naturally, as a sugar or sugar alcohol, in fruits and vegetables. Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, ...
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| Absorption: | Approximately 7% of ingested mannitol is absorbed during gastrointestinal perfusion in uremic patients. |
| Protein binding: | None |
| Biotransformation: | Mannitol is metabolized only slightly, if at all, to glycogen in the liver. |
| Route of elimination: | It is rapidly excreted in the urine. |
| Half Life: | 100 minutes |
| Toxicity: | LD50=1700 mg/kg (rat oral) |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
| Drug interaction: |
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Enzymes
Transporters
