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PubChem
| Name: | miglitol |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 441314 |
| Molecular formula: | C8H17NO5 |
| Molecular weight: | 207.224 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Plumarol; D00625; Miglitol; Bay-m-1099; SK-983; Seibule; C07708; Diastabol; Glyset; Miglitol (JAN/USAN).
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | miglitol |
|---|---|
| Name (isomeric): | DB00491 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Brand: | Glyset |
| Category: | Anti-Bacterial Agents, Hypoglycemic Agents, Enzyme Inhibitors |
| CAS number: | 72432-03-2 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For use as an adjunct to diet to improve glycemic control in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) whose hyperglycemia cannot be managed with diet alone. |
|---|---|
| Pharmacology: |
Miglitol, an oral alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, is a desoxynojirimycin derivative that delays the digestion of ingested carbohydrates, thereby resulting in a smaller rise in blood glucose concentration following meals. As a consequence of plasma glucose reduction, miglitol reduce levels of glycosylated hemoglobin in patients with Type II (non-insuli...
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| Mechanism of Action: |
In contrast to sulfonylureas, miglitol does not enhance insulin secretion. The antihyperglycemic action of miglitol results from a reversible inhibition of membrane-bound intestinal a-glucoside hydrolase enzymes. Membrane-bound intestinal a-glucosidases hydrolyze oligosaccharides and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the brush b...
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| Absorption: | Absorption of miglitol is saturable at high doses with 25 mg being completely absorbed while a 100-mg dose is only 50-70% absorbed. No evidence exists to show that systemic absorption of miglitol adds to its therapeutic effect. |
| Protein binding: | The protein binding of miglitol is negligible (<4.0%). |
| Biotransformation: | Miglitol is not metabolized in man or in any animal species studied. |
| Route of elimination: | Miglitol is not metabolized in man or in any animal species studied. It is eliminated by renal excretion as an unchanged drug. |
| Half Life: | The elimination half-life of miglitol from plasma is approximately 2 hours. |
| Toxicity: | Unlike sulfonylureas or insulin, an overdose will not result in hypoglycemia. An overdose may result in transient increases in flatulence, diarrhea, and abdomi-nal discomfort. Because of the lack of extra-intestinal effects seen with miglitol, no serious systemic reactions are expected in the event of an overdose. |
| Affected organisms: | Humans and other mammals |
Interactions
| Food interaction: |
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| Drug interaction: |
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Targets
Enzymes
