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QuickView for penicillin G (compound)
PubChem
| Name: | Penicillin G |
|---|---|
| PubChem Compound ID: | 2349 |
| Description: | A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission. |
| Molecular formula: | C16H18N2O4S |
| Molecular weight: | 334.391 g/mol |
| Synonyms: |
Sodium penicillin G; Cosmopen; Specilline G; Free benzylpenicillin; Megacillin tablets; Pen-A-Brasive; Falapen; Abbocillin; Benzylpenicillinic acid; Penalev.
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DrugBank
Identification
| Name: | Penicillin G |
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| Name (isomeric): | DB01053 |
| Drug Type: | small molecule |
| Description: | A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission. |
| Brand: | Pentids, Galofak, Cillora, Specilline G, Abbocillin, Pharmacillin, Pradupen, Penicillinic Acid, Benzyl-, Bicillin L-A, Benzylpenicillin G, Ursopen, Cosmopen, Pencillin G, Penicillin G Potassium, Bicillin, Dropcillin, Penicillin G Sodium, Pfizerpen, Compocillin G, Gelacillin, Cilopen, Wycillin, Pfizerpen G, Penicillin G Potassium in Plastic Container, Penicillin-G Potassium, Benzylpenicillinic Acid, Penicillin, Pentids '200', Benzylpenicillin, Crysticillin 300 A.S., Ayercillin, Cilloral, Permapen, Free Benzylpenicillin, Free Penicillin Ii, Megacillin, Phenylacetamidopenicillanic Acid, Benzopenicillin, Liquacillin, Free Penicillin G |
| Category: | Anti-Bacterial Agents, Penicillins |
| CAS number: | 61-33-6 |
Pharmacology
| Indication: | For use in the treatment of severe infections caused by penicillin G-susceptible microorganisms when rapid and high penicillin levels are required such as in the treatment of septicemia, meningitis, pericarditis, endocarditis and severe pneumonia. |
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| Pharmacology: |
Penicillin G is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms. The name "penicillin" can either refer to several variants of penicillin available, or to the group of antibiotics derived from the penicillins. Penicillin G has in vitro activity against ...
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| Mechanism of Action: | By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, penicillin G inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that penicillin G interferes with an autolysin inhibitor. |
| Absorption: | Rapidly absorbed following both intramuscular and subcutaneous injection. Initial blood levels following parenteral administration are high but transient. Oral absorption in fasting, healthy humans is only about 15-30% as it is very susceptible to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis. |
| Protein binding: | Bind to serum proteins (45-68%), mainly albumin. |
| Biotransformation: | About 16-30% of an intramuscular dose is metabolized to penicilloic acid, an inactive metabolite. Small amounts of 6-aminopenicillanic acid have been recovered in the urine of patients on penicillin G. A small percentage of the drug appears to be hydroxylated into one or more active metabolites, which are also excreted via urine. |
| Route of elimination: | Penicillin G is eliminated by the kidneys. Nonrenal clearance includes hepatic metabolism and, to a lesser extent, biliary excretion. |
| Half Life: | In adults with normal renal function is reportedly 0.4–0.9 hours |
| Clearance: | 560ml/min in healthy humans |
| Toxicity: | Oral LD50 in rat is 8900 mk/kg. Neurological adverse reactions, including convulsions, may occur with the attainment of high CSF levels of beta-lactams. Neutropenia can occur if high doses are administered consistently for over 2 weeks. |
| Affected organisms: | Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria |
Interactions
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