QuickView for polymyxin B (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 3083708

Name:	Polymyxin B
PubChem Compound ID:	3083708
Description:	A mixture of polymyxins B1 and B2, obtained from Bacillus polymyxa strains. They are basic polypeptides of about eight amino acids and have cationic detergent action on cell membranes. Polymyxin B is used for infections with gram-negative organisms, but may be neurotoxic and nephrotoxic.
Molecular formula:	C₄₈H₈₄N₁₆O₁₇S
Molecular weight:	1189.34 g/mol
Synonyms:	Campho-Phenique Antibiotic Plus Pain Relief Ointment; Neosporin; Poly-Pred; Dexacidin; Polytrim; Chloromyxin; EINECS 215-774-7; Pediotic Suspension; Polysporin; Neobacimyx-H (Veterinary). show more » Campho-Phenique Antibiotic Plus Pain Relief Ointment; Neosporin; Poly-Pred; Dexacidin; Polytrim; Chloromyxin; EINECS 215-774-7; Pediotic Suspension; Polysporin; Neobacimyx-H (Veterinary); Otobiotic; Terramycin ophthalmic; 1405-20-5; Neo-Polycin; Ophthocort; Polymyxin B Sulfate [USAN:JAN]; Drotic; Neobacimyx (Veterinary); Polymyxin B sulfate; Otocort; Polymixin B sulfate; Maxitrol; Neosporin Plus; Aerosporin; Polymyxin B, sulfate; Cortisporin; Statrol show less «

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Polymyxin B
Name (isomeric):	DB00781
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	A mixture of polymyxins B1 and B2, obtained from Bacillus polymyxa strains. They are basic polypeptides of about eight amino acids and have cationic detergent action on cell membranes. Polymyxin B is used for infections with gram-negative organisms, but may be neurotoxic and nephrotoxic.
Synonyms:	Polymixin B sulfate; Polymyxin B sulphate; Polymyxin B sulfate salt
Brand:	Poly-RX, Aerosporin
Brand name mixture:	Polysporin Topical First Aid Antibiotic Ointment(Bacitracin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Antibiotic Cream(Gramicidin + Polymyxin B sulfate), First Aid Antibiotic Ointment(Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B sulfate), Cortisporin(Bacitracin Zinc + Hydrocortisone + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Neosporin Ointment(Bacitracin (Bacitracin Zinc) + Neo... show more » Polysporin Topical First Aid Antibiotic Ointment(Bacitracin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Antibiotic Cream(Gramicidin + Polymyxin B sulfate), First Aid Antibiotic Ointment(Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B sulfate), Cortisporin(Bacitracin Zinc + Hydrocortisone + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Neosporin Ointment(Bacitracin (Bacitracin Zinc) + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polycidin Ophthalmic Ointment(Bacitracin (Bacitracin Zinc) + Polymyxin B sulfate), Bacitracin-Neomycin-Polymyxin Oph Ont(Bacitracin Zinc + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Ozonol Antibiotic Plus - Ointment(Bacitracin + Lidocaine Hydrochloride + Polymyxin B sulfate), Ozonol Antibiotic Plus Ont(Bacitracin + Lidocaine Hydrochloride + Polymyxin B sulfate), Pulmosirum Pastille(Benzocaine + Cetylpyridinium Chloride + Polymyxin B sulfate + Tyrothricin), Lidosporin Ear Drops(Lidocaine Hydrochloride + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polysporin Antibiotic Burn Cream(Gramicidin + Lidocaine Hydrochloride + Polymyxin B sulfate), Sandoz Cortimyxin(Bacitracin (Bacitracin Zinc) + Hydrocortisone + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polyderm Ointment Usp(Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B sulfate), Lidosporin Cream(Gramicidin + Lidocaine Hydrochloride + Polymyxin B sulfate), Neosporin Eye-Ear Solution(Gramicidin + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Neospan Mastitis Treatment(Neomycin sulfate + Penicillin G Potassium + Polymyxin B sulfate + Streptomycin sulfate), Ophthocort Ont(Chloramphenicol + Hydrocortisone Acetate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Mastitis Care(Neomycin sulfate + Penicillin G Potassium + Polymyxin B sulfate + Streptomycin sulfate), Polycidin Eye, Ear Drops(Gramicidin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polysporin Triple Antibiotic Ointment(Bacitracin + Gramicidin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polysporin Cream(Gramicidin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Gercillin(Bacitracin + Benzocaine + Polymyxin B sulfate + Tyrothricin), Lanabiotic Ont(Bacitracin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Pms-Polytrimethoprim(Polymyxin B sulfate + Trimethoprim (Trimethoprim sulfate)), Synalar Bi-Otic Solution(Fluocinolone Acetonide + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polysporin Eye and Ear Drops Sterile(Gramicidin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polysporin Sterile Ophthalmic Ointment(Bacitracin (Bacitracin Zinc) + Polymyxin B sulfate), Lidomyxin(Lidocaine Hydrochloride + Polymyxin B sulfate), Surolan Drops(Miconazole Nitrate + Polymyxin B sulfate + Prednisolone Acetate), Anaprime OPH Gel(Flumethasone + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polyderm Antibiotic Ointment(Bacitracin + Lidocaine Hydrochloride + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polysporin Antibiotic Ointment(Bacitracin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Mycitracin OPH ONT(Bacitracin + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Optiprime Oph Gel(Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Band-Aid Brand Antibiotic(Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polytracin Ont(Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B sulfate), Neosporin Ophthalmic Ointment(Bacitracin (Bacitracin Zinc) + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Bacitracin-Neomycin Polymyxin Ont(Bacitracin Zinc + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Septomixine Forte(Dexamethasone + Halethazole Tartrate + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate + Tyrothricin), Band-Aid-S-1(Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B sulfate), Neo Bace Ophthalmic Ointment(Bacitracin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Neosporin Antibiotic Cream(Gramicidin + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Laryngets Loz(Benzocaine + Cetylpyridinium Chloride + Polymyxin B sulfate + Tyrothricin), First Aid Antibiotic(Bacitracin Zinc + Polymyxin B sulfate), Forte Topical Suspension(Hydrocortisone Acetate + Hydrocortisone Sodium Succinate + Neomycin sulfate + Penicillin G Procaine + Polymyxin B sulfate), Antibiotic Ointment(Bacitracin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polytopic Ont(Bacitracin + Polymyxin B sulfate), Polysporin Burn Formula Cream(Gramicidin + Lidocaine Hydrochloride + Polymyxin B sulfate), Neosporin Irrigating Solution(Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate), Antibiotic Lozenges(Benzocaine + Cetylpyridinium Chloride + Polymyxin B sulfate + Tyrothricin), Neotopic Ointment(Bacitracin (Bacitracin Zinc) + Neomycin sulfate + Polymyxin B sulfate) show less «
Category:	Anti-Bacterial Agents
CAS number:	1405-20-5

Pharmacology

Indication:	For treatment of infections of the urinary tract, meninges, and blood stream, caused by susceptible strains of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.
Pharmacology:	Polymyxin B sulfate is a mixture of polymyxins B1 and B2, obtained from Bacillus polymyxa strains. They are basic polypeptides of about eight amino acids and have cationic detergent action on cell membranes. Polymyxin B is used for infections with gram-negative organisms, but may be neurotoxic and nephrotoxic. All gram-positive bacteria, fun... show more » Polymyxin B sulfate is a mixture of polymyxins B1 and B2, obtained from Bacillus polymyxa strains. They are basic polypeptides of about eight amino acids and have cationic detergent action on cell membranes. Polymyxin B is used for infections with gram-negative organisms, but may be neurotoxic and nephrotoxic. All gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and the gram-negative cocci, N. gonorrhea and N. menigitidis, are resistant. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	Polymyxin B sulfate has a bactericidal action against almost all gram-negative bacilli except the Proteus group. Polymyxin B sulfate interacts with the lipopolysaccharide of the cytoplasmic outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, altering membrane permeability and causing cell death. It does not need to enter the cell.
Absorption:	Not absorbed from the normal alimentary tract.
Route of elimination:	The drug is excreted slowly by the kidneys.
Toxicity:	Overdose can cause stomach pains, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Affected organisms:	Enteric bacteria and other eubacteria

Interactions

Drug interaction:

Vecuronium

Polymyxin B may increase the neuromuscular blocking action of Vecuronium. Risk of respiratory depression and apnea. Consider alternate therapy or monitor for prolonged neuromuscular blocking effects, such as respiratory paralysis.

Targets

bacterial outer membrane