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QuickView for pyridoxine (compound)

Summary
General Info

PubChem

PubChem Compound 10464814

PubChem Compound 10464814

Name:	Pyridoxine
PubChem Compound ID:	10464814
Description:	The 4-methanol form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990).
Molecular formula:	C₈H₁₁NO₃
Molecular weight:	175.202 g/mol

DrugBank

Identification

Name:	Pyridoxine
Name (isomeric):	DB00165
Drug Type:	small molecule
Description:	The 4-methanol form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990).
Synonyms:	Hexabione hydrochloride; Aderomine hydrochloride; Pyridoxinum Hydrochloricum; Pyridoxinium Chloride; Pyridoxine hydrochloride; Pyridoxine HCl; Adermin hydrochloride; Pyridoxol hydrochloride; Pyridoxine hydrogen chloride; Pyridoxin hydrochloride. show more » Hexabione hydrochloride; Aderomine hydrochloride; Pyridoxinum Hydrochloricum; Pyridoxinium Chloride; Pyridoxine hydrochloride; Pyridoxine HCl; Adermin hydrochloride; Pyridoxol hydrochloride; Pyridoxine hydrogen chloride; Pyridoxin hydrochloride; Adermine hydrochloride; Vitamin B6; Pyridoxine Chloride; PN show less «
Brand:	Hydoxin, Alestrol, Vitaped, Hexermin, Aderoxine, Vitamin B6, Pyridox, Pyridipca, Nestrex, Gravidox, Tex Six T.R., Pydox, Bonasanit, Benadon, Rodex TD, Campoviton 6, Hexobion, Hexa-Betalin, Becilan, Hexermine, Pyridoxine-HCl Microencapsulated, Hexavibex, Beesix
Category:	Vitamin B Complex, Essential Vitamin, Vitamins (Vitamin B Complex), Anti-inflammatory Agents
CAS number:	65-23-6

Pharmacology

Indication:	For the treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency and for the prophylaxis of isoniazid-induced peripheral neuropathy.
Pharmacology:	Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a water-soluble vitamin used in the prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy in those receiving isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, INH). Vitamin B6 has been found to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a small group of subjects with essential hypertension. Hypertension i... show more » Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is a water-soluble vitamin used in the prophylaxis and treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency and peripheral neuropathy in those receiving isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide, INH). Vitamin B6 has been found to lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a small group of subjects with essential hypertension. Hypertension is another risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Another study showed pyridoxine hydrochloride to inhibit ADP- or epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and to lower total cholesterol levels and increase HDL-cholesterol levels, again in a small group of subjects. Vitamin B6, in the form of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, was found to protect vascular endothelial cells in culture from injury by activated platelets. Endothelial injury and dysfunction are critical initiating events in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Human studies have demonstrated that vitamin B6 deficiency affects cellular and humoral responses of the immune system. Vitamin B6 deficiency results in altered lymphocyte differentiation and maturation, reduced delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses, impaired antibody production, decreased lymphocyte proliferation and decreased interleukin (IL)-2 production, among other immunologic activities. show less «
Mechanism of Action:	Vitamin B6 is the collective term for a group of three related compounds, pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxal (PL) and pyridoxamine (PM), and their phosphorylated derivatives, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP). Although all six of these compounds should technically be referred to as vitamin B6, t... show more » Vitamin B6 is the collective term for a group of three related compounds, pyridoxine (PN), pyridoxal (PL) and pyridoxamine (PM), and their phosphorylated derivatives, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate (PNP), pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate (PMP). Although all six of these compounds should technically be referred to as vitamin B6, the term vitamin B6 is commonly used interchangeably with just one of them, pyridoxine. Vitamin B6, principally in its biologically active coenzyme form pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, is involved in a wide range of biochemical reactions, including the metabolism of amino acids and glycogen, the synthesis of nucleic acids, hemogloblin, sphingomyelin and other sphingolipids, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). show less «
Absorption:	The B vitamins are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, except in malabsorption syndromes. Pyridoxine is absorbed mainly in the jejunum.
Protein binding:	22%
Biotransformation:	Hepatic.
Half Life:	15-20 days
Toxicity:	Oral Rat LD₅₀ = 4 gm/kg. Toxic effects include convulsions, dyspnea, hypermotility, diarrhea, ataxia and muscle weakness.
Affected organisms:	Humans and other mammals

Targets

Pyridoxal kinase

Pyridoxal phosphate phosphatase

Cystathionine beta-synthase

Alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde dehydrogenase

Enzymes

Pyridoxine-5'-phosphate oxidase

Carriers