QuickView for ribavirin (compound)

Rate limiting enzyme in the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides and therefore is involved in the regulation of cell growth. It may also have a role in the development of malignancy and the growth progression of some tumors

ATP dependent phosphorylation of adenosine and other related nucleoside analogs to monophosphate derivatives. Serves as a potential regulator of concentrations of extracellular adenosine and intracellular adenine nucleotides

Displays RNA-directed RNA polymerase, mRNA guanylyl transferase, mRNA (guanine-7-N-)-methyltransferase and poly(A) synthetase activities. The viral mRNA guanylyl transferase displays a different biochemical reaction than the cellular enzyme. The template is composed of the viral RNA tightly encapsidated by the nucleoprotein (N). Functions either as transcriptase or as replicase. The transcriptase synthesizes subsequently the subgenomic RNAs, assuring their capping and polyadenylation by a stuttering mechanism. The transcriptase stutters on a specific sequence, resulting on a cotranscriptional editing of the phosphoprotein (P) mRNA. The replicase mode is dependent on intracellular N protein concentration. In this mode, the polymerase replicates the whole viral genome without recognizing the transcriptional signals

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase which is responsible for replication and transcription of virus segments. Binds the promoter sequence of the encapsidated viral RNA. Displays an endonuclease activity involved in cap-stealing. Cleaves cellular pre-mRNA to generate primers for viral transcription

DNA is the molecule of heredity, as it is responsible for the genetic propagation of most inherited traits. It is a polynucleic acid that carries genetic information on cell growth, division, and function. DNA consists of two long strands of nucleotides twisted into a double helix and held together by hydrogen bonds. The sequence of nucleotides determines hereditary characteristics. Each strand serves as the template for subsequent DNA replication and as a template for mRNA production, leading to protein synthesis via ribosomes.

May have a critical role in the maintenance of a constant composition of intracellular purine/pyrimidine nucleotides in cooperation with other nucleotidases. Preferentially hydrolyzes inosine 5-prime-monophosphate (IMP) and other purine nucleotides

Has a broad specificity and cleaves a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. Can hydrolyze nucleoside 5' triphosphates such as ATP, GTP, CTP, TTP and UTP to their corresponding monophosphates with release of pyrophosphate. Can hydrolyze diadenosine polyphosphates and 3',5'-cAMP to AMP. It may play a role in the regulation of pyrophosphate production, the regulation of the availability of nucleotide sugars in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, and the regulation of purinergic signaling

ATP dependent phosphorylation of adenosine and other related nucleoside analogs to monophosphate derivatives. Serves as a potential regulator of concentrations of extracellular adenosine and intracellular adenine nucleotides

Mediates both influx and efflux of nucleosides across the membrane (equilibrative transporter). It is sensitive (ES) to low concentrations of the inhibitor nitrobenzylmercaptopurine riboside (NBMPR) and is sodium-independent. It has a higher affinity for adenosine. Inhibited by dipyridamole and dilazep (anticancer chemotherapeutics drugs)

Sodium-dependent, pyrimidine- and purine-selective. Involved in the homeostasis of endogenous nucleosides. Exhibits the transport characteristics of the nucleoside transport system cib or N3 subtype (N3/cib) (with marked transport of both thymidine and inosine). Employs a 2:1 sodium/nucleoside ratio. Also able to transport gemcitabine, 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT), ribavirin and 3-deazauridine