Acute toxicity of two Alzheimer's disease radiopharmaceuticals: FDDNP and IMPY.

Kang-Wei Chang, Chia-Chieh Chen, Shih-Ying Lee, Hsin-Ell Wang

Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Drug and chemical toxicology 2009

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in memory deficits. The effect of AD is the leading cause of dementia in the United States and constitutes a burgeoning public health problem. AD is characterized by the presence of two aberrant structures, senile plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles, present in the brain of the patients. [(18)F]FDDNP and [(123)I]IMPY were developed for the early diagnosis of AD by Dr. J. Barrios and Dr. H. Kung, respectively. These two radiotracers could bind with the amyloid location site in the AD patient brain. The aim of this study was to analyze the acute single toxic effects dose of two nonradiochemical labeled compounds in rats. Animals were injected from the tail vein with nonlabeled-FDDNP (0- 5 mg/kg) and nonlabeled-IMPY (0-300 microg/kg), respectively, and observed for 2 weeks. These doses provide safety margins of 35,000- to 140-fold and 1,000- to 100-fold over the maximal recommend human dose (0.1 mg/70 kg) and (20 microg/60 kg) (by FDDNP and IMPY), respectively. With IMPY, there were no changes in mortality, clinical situation, and gross necropsy. With FDDNP, the high dose (5 mg/kg) produced mortality in 2 of 5 and 1 of 5 in male and female rats, respectively. The high dose of FDDNP showed liver damage in dying animals. No other adverse toxic effects at dose levels up to 1.0 mg/kg of FDDNP were noted. FDDNP exerted no adverse toxic effects in rats given doses up to 1 mg/kg and IMPY at the dose levels up to 300 microg/kg.

Citation

Kang-Wei Chang, Chia-Chieh Chen, Shih-Ying Lee, Hsin-Ell Wang. Acute toxicity of two Alzheimer's disease radiopharmaceuticals: FDDNP and IMPY. Drug and chemical toxicology. 2009;32(4):429-37