Diagnosis of bovine-associated parapoxvirus infections in humans: molecular and epidemiological evidence.

A MacNeil, E Lederman, M G Reynolds, N J Ragade, R Talken, D Friedman, W Hall, T Shwe, Y Li, H Zhao, S Smith, W Davidson, C Hughes, I K Damon

Poxvirus Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. aho3@cdc.gov

Zoonoses and public health 2010 Dec

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Orf virus, pseudocowpox virus and bovine papular stomatitis virus, are parapoxviruses, associated with domestic ruminants, which are capable of causing cutaneous infections in humans. Owing to virtually identical appearances in humans, clinical differentiation of these viruses is difficult. We discuss three recent occurrences of parapoxvirus infection, involving contact with domestic bovine and use a combination of molecular and epidemiological data in the diagnosis. These cases underscore the utility of modern diagnostic tools, along with species-specific contact information in acquiring a definitive diagnosis, in the case of suspected parapoxvirus infection. © 2010 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.

Citation

A MacNeil, E Lederman, M G Reynolds, N J Ragade, R Talken, D Friedman, W Hall, T Shwe, Y Li, H Zhao, S Smith, W Davidson, C Hughes, I K Damon. Diagnosis of bovine-associated parapoxvirus infections in humans: molecular and epidemiological evidence. Zoonoses and public health. 2010 Dec;57(7-8):e161-4