Apoptosis signalling activated by TNF in the lower gastrointestinal tract--review.

Natalya Benderska, Saritha Chakilam, Manuela Hugle, Jelena Ivanovska, Muktheshwar Gandesiri, Jan Schulze-Luhrmann, Khuloud Bajbouj, Ronald Croner, Regine Schneider-Stock

Head of Experimental Tumorpathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Universitatsstrasse 22, Erlangen, Germany. regine.schneider-stock@uk-erlangen.de.

Current pharmaceutical biotechnology 2012 Sep 1

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The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) gene is an immediate early gene, rapidly transcribed in a variety of cell types following exposure to a broad range of pathogens and signals of inflammation and stress. Regulation of TNF gene expression at the transcriptional level is cell type- and stimulus-specific, involving epigenetic mechanisms or miRNAs. A better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that control TNF gene regulation and TNF signalling will provide deeper understanding of the initiation and development of apoptotic and inflammatory processes triggered by TNF cytokine in the gut. The described efforts to embed TNF in clinical treatment regiments reflect its attractive effectiveness in killing tumor cells. Whether the described strategies will achieve the success of incorporating TNF in lower gastrointestinal tract therapy for inflammatory diseases and cancer remains to be determined.

Citation

Natalya Benderska, Saritha Chakilam, Manuela Hugle, Jelena Ivanovska, Muktheshwar Gandesiri, Jan Schulze-Luhrmann, Khuloud Bajbouj, Ronald Croner, Regine Schneider-Stock. Apoptosis signalling activated by TNF in the lower gastrointestinal tract--review. Current pharmaceutical biotechnology. 2012 Sep 1;13(11):2248-58