Molecular basis for the selectivity of antituberculosis compounds capreomycin and viomycin.

Rashid Akbergenov, Dmitri Shcherbakov, Tanja Matt, Stefan Duscha, Martin Meyer, Daniel N Wilson, Erik C Böttger

Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Gloriastrasse 30/32, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland.

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2011 Oct

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Capreomycin and the structurally similar compound viomycin are cyclic peptide antibiotics which are particularly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including multidrug resistant strains. Both antibiotics bind across the ribosomal interface involving 23S rRNA helix 69 (H69) and 16S rRNA helix 44 (h44). The binding site of tuberactinomycins in h44 partially overlaps with that of aminoglycosides, and they share with these drugs the side effect of irreversible hearing loss. Here we studied the drug target interaction on ribosomes modified by site-directed mutagenesis. We identified rRNA residues in h44 as the main determinants of phylogenetic selectivity, predict compensatory evolution to impact future resistance development, and propose mechanisms involved in tuberactinomycin ototoxicity, which may enable the development of improved, less-toxic derivatives.

Citation

Rashid Akbergenov, Dmitri Shcherbakov, Tanja Matt, Stefan Duscha, Martin Meyer, Daniel N Wilson, Erik C Böttger. Molecular basis for the selectivity of antituberculosis compounds capreomycin and viomycin. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy. 2011 Oct;55(10):4712-7