Antithrombotic medication and incident open-angle glaucoma.

Michael W Marcus, Rogier P H M Müskens, Wishal D Ramdas, Roger C W Wolfs, Paulus T V M de Jong, Johannes R Vingerling, Albert Hofman, Bruno H C Stricker, Nomdo M Jansonius

Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 2012 Jun

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To determine the associations between the use of antithrombotic drugs and incident open-angle glaucoma (OAG). Ophthalmic examinations including measurements of the IOP and perimetry were performed at baseline and follow-up in 3939 participants of the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study who did not have OAG at baseline. The use of antithrombotic drugs was monitored continuously during follow-up. Antithrombotic drugs were stratified into anticoagulants and platelet aggregation inhibitors. Associations between incident OAG and the use of antithrombotic drugs were assessed using Cox regression; the model was adjusted for age, sex, baseline IOP and IOP-lowering treatment, family history of glaucoma, and myopia. Associations between antithrombotic drugs and IOP at follow-up were analyzed with multiple linear regression. During a mean follow-up of 9.8 years, 108 participants (2.7%) developed OAG. The hazard ratio for anticoagulant use was 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.55-1.48; P = 0.69) and for platelet aggregation inhibitors 0.80 (0.53-1.21; P = 0.28). There was no trend towards a reduced or increased risk of incident OAG with prolonged anticoagulant use (P value for trend 0.84) or platelet aggregation inhibitor use (0.59). There was a significant IOP-lowering effect of anticoagulants (-0.31 mm Hg; 95% CI, -0.58 to -0.04 mm Hg; P = 0.025) but not of platelet aggregation inhibitors (P = 0.06). The IOP-lowering effect of anticoagulants disappeared after additional adjustment for the use of systemic beta-blockers. Use of anticoagulants or platelet aggregation inhibitors appears not to be associated with incident OAG.

Citation

Michael W Marcus, Rogier P H M Müskens, Wishal D Ramdas, Roger C W Wolfs, Paulus T V M de Jong, Johannes R Vingerling, Albert Hofman, Bruno H C Stricker, Nomdo M Jansonius. Antithrombotic medication and incident open-angle glaucoma. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 2012 Jun;53(7):3801-5