Postoperative nausea and vomiting in outpatient surgery in younger children].

Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia 2012 Jan-Feb

The article deals with the problem of postoperative nausea and vomiting in ambulatory surgery in children. This complication is the most topical in children and can be dangerous in home, leading to serious consequences. The article considers the different causes of this complication, as well as the ways of prophylaxis and treatment. The aim of the study was the development of a differentiated approach to the antiemetic therapy in younger children in the outpatient setting. In the study participated 140 children aged from 1 to 5 years (ASA I-II), undergoing planned operations in the one-day surgery hospital. All children received antiemetic therapy: 65 children were receiving metoclopramide, 75 - ondansetron in the age dosages. At the second stage of the study was carried out feasibility assessment antiemetic therapy for children from 1 to 3 years. 20 children were receiving ondansetron, 20 - prevention has not been carried out. Analysis of the results showed that the frequency of nausea and vomiting in "ondansetron" group was in 4 times lower in comparison with metoclopramide. The frequency of postoperative nausea and vomiting occurrence in children aged 1 to 3 years significantly lower than in the age group of 3 to 5 years.