LmrTX, a basic PLA₂ (D49) purified from Lachesis muta rhombeata snake venom with enzymatic-related antithrombotic and anticoagulant activity.

Daniela C S Damico, T Vassequi-Silva, F D Torres-Huaco, A C C Nery-Diez, R C G de Souza, S L Da Silva, C P Vicente, C B Mendes, E Antunes, C C Werneck, Sérgio Marangoni

Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, PO Box 6109, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. dcdamico@terra.com.br

Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology 2012 Oct

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A basic phospholipase A₂ (LmrTX) isoform was isolated from Lachesis muta rhombeata snake venom and partially characterized. The venom was fractionated by molecular exclusion chromatography in ammonium bicarbonate buffer followed by reverse-phase HPLC on a C-5 Discovery® Bio Wide column. From liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry, the molecular mass of LmrTX was measured as 14.277.50 Da. The amino acid sequence showed a high degree of homology between PLA₂ LmrTX from L. muta rhombeata and other PLA₂ from snake venoms, like CB1 and CB2 from Crotalus durissus terrificus; LmTX-I and LmTX-II from Lachesis muta muta. LmrTX had PLA₂ activity in the presence of a synthetic substrate and alkylation of histidine residues significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) the enzymatic activity of LmrTX and its anticoagulant and antithrombotic activity. In this study, we examined the ability of the LmrTX in altering thrombus formation in living mouse, using a photochemically induced arterial thrombosis model. The control animals that did not receive protein injection showed a normal occlusion time, which was around 57 ± 7.8 min. LmrTX, the PLA₂ from L. muta rhombeata venom, caused a change in the occlusion time to 99 ± 10 min with doses of 7.5 μg/mice. Additionally, LmrTX showed the anticoagulant activity in vitro and ex vivo and prolonging the time aggregation in wash platelet induced by ADP and Thrombin. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Citation

Daniela C S Damico, T Vassequi-Silva, F D Torres-Huaco, A C C Nery-Diez, R C G de Souza, S L Da Silva, C P Vicente, C B Mendes, E Antunes, C C Werneck, Sérgio Marangoni. LmrTX, a basic PLA₂ (D49) purified from Lachesis muta rhombeata snake venom with enzymatic-related antithrombotic and anticoagulant activity. Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology. 2012 Oct;60(5):773-81