Prevalence of platelet-specific antibodies in the recipients of platelet units with transfusion adverse event].

Service d'immunologie plaquettaire, Établissement français du sang Rhône-Alpes, Lyon cedex, France. pierre.moncharmont@efs.sante.fr

Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Société française de transfusion sanguine 2012 Dec

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In practice, platelet transfusions are frequently performed in patients with haematologic and/or oncologic diseases. Subsequent to these transfusions, platelet specific antibodies may develop and could induce adverse events, such as platelet transfusion refractoriness or post-transfusion purpura. In order to evaluate the prevalence of platelet specific antibodies in these recipients, adverse events with a request for platelet specific antibodies testing, were studied. Recipients of platelet units with adverse event, excluding platelet transfusion refractoriness or post-transfusion purpura, were evaluated. From January 1st 2009 to October 31st 2011, 125 adverse events with platelet specific antibodies screening, corresponding to 116 recipients (64 females, 52 males) were included. The main aetiology of the adverse event was a febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction in 62 cases (49.6%) and allergy in 40 (32.0%). Most samples tested were post-transfusion solely (101 adverse events, 80.8%). Seven of these samples had free platelet specific antibodies, including four anti-HPA-5b, one anti-HPA-2a and two anti-GPIaIIa. In the cross-match test, platelet specific antibodies were found in two pre-transfusion samples (anti-GP IaIIa) and in five post-transfusion samples (anti-GPIaIIa, three cases; anti-GP IbIX, one case; anti-GP IIbIIIa and -GPIbIX, one case). According to this study on platelet transfusion related adverse event, few platelet specific antibodies were detected on pre- and post-transfusion samples. The implementation of platelet specific antibodies testing before transfusion would give more accurate data and help prevent adverse events as typed platelets would be given when platelet specific antibodies were found. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Citation

P Moncharmont, D Rigal. Prevalence of platelet-specific antibodies in the recipients of platelet units with transfusion adverse event]. Transfusion clinique et biologique : journal de la Société française de transfusion sanguine. 2012 Dec;19(6):333-7