Diffusion tensor imaging and neuromodulation: DTI as key technology for deep brain stimulation.

Volker Arnd Coenen, Thomas E Schlaepfer, Niels Allert, Burkhard Mädler

Division of Stereotaxy and Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Bonn University Medical Center, Bonn, Germany. volker.coenen@ukb.uni-bonn.de

International review of neurobiology 2012

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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is more than just a useful adjunct to invasive techniques like optogenetics which recently have tremendously influenced our understanding of the mechanisms of deep brain stimulation (DBS). In combination with other technologies, DTI helps us to understand which parts of the brain tissue are connected to others and which ones are truly influenced with neuromodulation. The complex interaction of DBS with the surrounding tissues-scrutinized with DTI-allows to create testable hypotheses that can explain network interactions. Those interactions are vital for our understanding of the net effects of neuromodulation. This work naturally was first done in the field of movement disorder surgery, where a lot of experience regarding therapeutic effects and only a short latency between initiation of neuromodulation and alleviation of symptoms exist. This chapter shows the journey over the past 10 years with first applications in DBS toward current research in affect regulating network balances and their therapeutic alterations with the neuromodulation technology. Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Volker Arnd Coenen, Thomas E Schlaepfer, Niels Allert, Burkhard Mädler. Diffusion tensor imaging and neuromodulation: DTI as key technology for deep brain stimulation. International review of neurobiology. 2012;107:207-34