Role of vitamin D in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Stefan Pilz, Katharina Kienreich, Femke Rutters, Renate de Jongh, Adriana J van Ballegooijen, Martin Grübler, Andreas Tomaschitz, Jacqueline M Dekker

Current diabetes reports 2013 Apr

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Vitamin D deficiency is mainly a consequence of insufficient sunlight induced vitamin D production in the skin and has been associated with various chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes. Experimental data have shown that vitamin D is important for glucose induced insulin secretion, improves insulin resistance, and exerts anti-inflammatory actions. Epidemiological studies have largely documented that a poor vitamin D status is associated with higher risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The majority of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in healthy or prediabetic individuals have, however, failed to demonstrate relevant vitamin D effects on insulin resistance or diabetes incidence. In patients with type 2 diabetes, a few RCTs reported some moderate effects of vitamin D on glycemic control and insulin resistance. While these findings warrant further in-depth studies, the current evidence is insufficient to recommend vitamin D supplementation for the prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Citation

Stefan Pilz, Katharina Kienreich, Femke Rutters, Renate de Jongh, Adriana J van Ballegooijen, Martin Grübler, Andreas Tomaschitz, Jacqueline M Dekker. Role of vitamin D in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Current diabetes reports. 2013 Apr;13(2):261-70