NADPH oxidases regulate septin-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling during plant infection by the rice blast fungus.

Lauren S Ryder, Yasin F Dagdas, Thomas A Mentlak, Michael J Kershaw, Christopher R Thornton, Martin Schuster, Jisheng Chen, Zonghua Wang, Nicholas J Talbot

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2013 Feb 19

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The rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae infects plants with a specialized cell called an appressorium, which uses turgor to drive a rigid penetration peg through the rice leaf cuticle. Here, we show that NADPH oxidases (Nox) are necessary for septin-mediated reorientation of the F-actin cytoskeleton to facilitate cuticle rupture and plant cell invasion. We report that the Nox2-NoxR complex spatially organizes a heteroligomeric septin ring at the appressorium pore, required for assembly of a toroidal F-actin network at the point of penetration peg emergence. Maintenance of the cortical F-actin network during plant infection independently requires Nox1, a second NADPH oxidase, which is necessary for penetration hypha elongation. Organization of F-actin in appressoria is disrupted by application of antioxidants, whereas latrunculin-mediated depolymerization of appressorial F-actin is competitively inhibited by reactive oxygen species, providing evidence that regulated synthesis of reactive oxygen species by fungal NADPH oxidases directly controls septin and F-actin dynamics.

Citation

Lauren S Ryder, Yasin F Dagdas, Thomas A Mentlak, Michael J Kershaw, Christopher R Thornton, Martin Schuster, Jisheng Chen, Zonghua Wang, Nicholas J Talbot. NADPH oxidases regulate septin-mediated cytoskeletal remodeling during plant infection by the rice blast fungus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2013 Feb 19;110(8):3179-84