Defective counterregulation and hypoglycemia unawareness in diabetes: mechanisms and emerging treatments.

Candace M Reno, Marina Litvin, Amy L Clark, Simon J Fisher

Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America 2013 Mar

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For people with diabetes, hypoglycemia remains the limiting factor in achieving glycemic control. This article reviews recent advances in how the brain senses and responds to hypoglycemia. Novel mechanisms by which individuals with insulin-treated diabetes develop hypoglycemia unawareness and impaired counterregulatory responses are outlined. Prevention strategies for reducing the incidence of hypoglycemia are discussed. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Candace M Reno, Marina Litvin, Amy L Clark, Simon J Fisher. Defective counterregulation and hypoglycemia unawareness in diabetes: mechanisms and emerging treatments. Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America. 2013 Mar;42(1):15-38