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Chronic activation of T cells is a hallmark of HIV-1 infection and plays an important role in disease progression. We previously showed that the engagement of the inhibitory receptor programmed death (PD)-1 on HIV-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells leads to their functional exhaustion in vitro. However, little is known about the impact of PD-1 expression on the turnover and maturation status of T cells during the course of the disease. In this study, we show that PD-1 is upregulated on all T cell subsets, including naive, central memory, and transitional memory T cells in HIV-1-infected subjects. PD-1 is expressed at similar levels on most CD4(+) T cells during the acute and the chronic phase of disease and identifies cells that have recently entered the cell cycle. In contrast, PD-1 expression is dramatically increased in CD8(+) T cells during the transition from acute to chronic infection, and this is associated with reduced levels of cell proliferation. The failure to downregulate expression of PD-1 in most T cells during chronic HIV-1 infection is associated with persistent alterations in the distribution of T cell subsets and is associated with impaired responses to IL-7. Our findings identify PD-1 as a marker for aberrant distribution of T cell subsets in HIV-1 infection.

Citation

Gaëlle Breton, Nicolas Chomont, Hiroshi Takata, Rémi Fromentin, Jeffrey Ahlers, Abdelali Filali-Mouhim, Catherine Riou, Mohamed-Rachid Boulassel, Jean-Pierre Routy, Bader Yassine-Diab, Rafick-Pierre Sékaly. Programmed death-1 is a marker for abnormal distribution of naive/memory T cell subsets in HIV-1 infection. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950). 2013 Sep 01;191(5):2194-204

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PMID: 23918986

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