Identification of S-nitroso-CoA reductases that regulate protein S-nitrosylation.

Puneet Anand, Alfred Hausladen, Ya-Juan Wang, Guo-Fang Zhang, Colin Stomberski, Henri Brunengraber, Douglas T Hess, Jonathan S Stamler

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014 Dec 30

filter terms:

Coenzyme A (CoA) mediates thiol-based acyl-group transfer (acetylation and palmitoylation). However, a role for CoA in the thiol-based transfer of NO groups (S-nitrosylation) has not been considered. Here we describe protein S-nitrosylation in yeast (heretofore unknown) that is mediated by S-nitroso-CoA (SNO-CoA). We identify a specific SNO-CoA reductase encoded by the alcohol dehydrogenase 6 (ADH6) gene and show that deletion of ADH6 increases cellular S-nitrosylation and alters CoA metabolism. Further, we report that Adh6, acting as a selective SNO-CoA reductase, protects acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase from inhibitory S-nitrosylation and thereby affects sterol biosynthesis. Thus, Adh6-regulated, SNO-CoA-mediated protein S-nitrosylation provides a regulatory mechanism paralleling protein acetylation. We also find that SNO-CoA reductases are present from bacteria to mammals, and we identify aldo-keto reductase 1A1 as the mammalian functional analog of Adh6. Our studies reveal a novel functional class of enzymes that regulate protein S-nitrosylation from yeast to mammals and suggest that SNO-CoA-mediated S-nitrosylation may subserve metabolic regulation.

Citation

Puneet Anand, Alfred Hausladen, Ya-Juan Wang, Guo-Fang Zhang, Colin Stomberski, Henri Brunengraber, Douglas T Hess, Jonathan S Stamler. Identification of S-nitroso-CoA reductases that regulate protein S-nitrosylation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2014 Dec 30;111(52):18572-7