Molecular basis for the regulation of the circadian clock kinases CK1δ and CK1ε.

Yu Yang, Tingting Xu, Yunfei Zhang, Ximing Qin

Cellular signalling 2017 Feb

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CK1δ and CK1ε are unique in the casein kinase 1 family and play critical roles in a number of physiological intracellular pathways. In particular, these kinases are involved in composing the mammalian circadian clock by phosphorylating core clock proteins. Considering that CK1δ/ε phosphorylate other key biological molecules, such as β-catenin and p53, understanding how the kinase activity is regulated would be greatly significant, since they are potential targets to develop pharmacological agents against cancer, pain, and circadian disorders. In this review, we summarize current knowledge attributed to kinase regulation including expression regulation, post-translational regulation, and kinase activity modulation by small molecules. Finally, we discuss how the kinase activity is regulated from a structural point of view. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Yu Yang, Tingting Xu, Yunfei Zhang, Ximing Qin. Molecular basis for the regulation of the circadian clock kinases CK1δ and CK1ε. Cellular signalling. 2017 Feb;31:58-65