NLRC5/CITA: A Key Player in Cancer Immune Surveillance.

Cancer cells need to escape immune surveillance for successful tumor growth. Loss of MHC class I has been described as a major immune evasion strategy in many cancers. MHC class I transactivator (CITA), NLRC5 [nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeats containing (NLR) family, caspase activation and recruitment domain (CARD) domain containing 5], is a key transcription coactivator of MHC class I genes. Recent genetic studies have revealed that NLRC5 is a major target for cancer immune evasion mechanisms. The reduced expression or activity of NLRC5 caused by promoter methylation, copy number loss, or somatic mutations is associated with defective MHC class I expression, impaired cytotoxic T cell activation, and poor patient prognosis. Here, we review the role of NLRC5 in cancer immune evasion and the future prospects for cancer research. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Citation

Sayuri Yoshihama, Saptha Vijayan, Tabasum Sidiq, Koichi S Kobayashi. NLRC5/CITA: A Key Player in Cancer Immune Surveillance. Trends in cancer. 2017 Jan;3(1):28-38

PMID: 28718425

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