Epileptic apnea in a patient with inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor deficiency and PIGT mutations.

We report an 11-month-old boy with acetazolamide-responsive epileptic apnea and inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor deficiency who presented with decreased serum alkaline phosphatase associated with compound PIGT mutations. The patient exhibited congenital anomalies, severe intellectual disability, and seizures, including epileptic apnea with epileptiform discharges from bilateral temporal areas. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed delayed myelination and progressive atrophy of the brainstem, cerebellum, and cerebrum. Whole-exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in PIGT (c.250G>T, p.Glu84X and c.1096G>T, p.Gly366Trp), which encodes a subunit of the GPI transamidase complex. Flow cytometry revealed decreased expression of CD16 (a GPI anchor protein) on granulocytes, supporting the putative pathogenicity of the mutations. Phenobarbital, clonazepam, and potassium bromide decreased the frequency of tonic seizure and acetazolamide decreased epileptic apnea. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of intractable seizures accompanied by epileptic apnea associated with GPI anchor deficiency and a compound PIGT mutation. Copyright © 2017 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Kosuke Kohashi, Akihiko Ishiyama, Shota Yuasa, Tomomi Tanaka, Kazushi Miya, Yuichi Adachi, Noriko Sato, Hirotomo Saitsu, Chihiro Ohba, Naomichi Matsumoto, Yoshiko Murakami, Taroh Kinoshita, Kenji Sugai, Masayuki Sasaki. Epileptic apnea in a patient with inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor deficiency and PIGT mutations. Brain & development. 2017 Jul 17

PMID: 28728837

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