Comparative characterization of bacterial communities in geese fed all-grass or high-grain diets.

Qi Xu, Xiaoya Yuan, Tiantian Gu, Yang Li, Wangcheng Dai, Xiaokun Shen, Yadong Song, Yang Zhang, Wenming Zhao, Guobin Chang, Guohong Chen

PloS one 2017

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Gut microbial composition is dependent on diet. Geese are herbivores and can digest crude fibre, but the relationship between composition of the microbiota and a fibre-rich diet in geese is not well understood. Here, caecal and faecal samples were collected simultaneously from all-grass-fed geese and high-grain-fed geese and the hypervariable V3-V4 regions of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene were sequenced. The results was identified that high-grass-fed geese possessed significantly higher alpha diversity both in caecum and faeces compared with that in all-grain-fed geese. In addition, the composition of dominant bacterium occurred remarkable shifting due to different diet patterns, Firmicutes were more abundant in all-grass-fed geese, whereas Bacteroidetes were abundant in high-grain-fed geese. Fusobacteria and Deferribacteres were obviously present in high-grain-fed geese and few in all-grass-fed geese. Most importantly, some specific microorgnisms such as Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidaceae which may associated with cellulose-degrading that were characterized to show distinctly diverse between the two diet patterns. PICRUSt analysis revealed the metabolic pathways such as carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism were overrepresented in all-grass-fed geese. In conclusion, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were identified abundantly when the geese was fed with all-grass feed and high-grain feed, respectively. And Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Bacteroidaceae were recognized as main cellulose-degrading bacteria in the geese. The functional profiles of gut microbiota revealed the dominant microbiota communities were involved mainly in the carbohydrate metabolism in all-grass-fed geese.

Citation

Qi Xu, Xiaoya Yuan, Tiantian Gu, Yang Li, Wangcheng Dai, Xiaokun Shen, Yadong Song, Yang Zhang, Wenming Zhao, Guobin Chang, Guohong Chen. Comparative characterization of bacterial communities in geese fed all-grass or high-grain diets. PloS one. 2017;12(10):e0185590