Which patients with gynaecomastia require more detailed investigation?

S N Ali, C N Jayasena, A H Sam

Clinical endocrinology 2018 Mar

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Gynaecomastia may be due to medication, chronic liver or kidney disease, hypogonadism (primary or secondary to pituitary disease) or hyperthyroidism. Having excluded these aetiologies, it is imperative to be vigilant for underlying malignancy causing gynaecomastia. These include human chorionic gonadotrophin-secreting testicular and extratesticular tumours and oestrogen-secreting testicular tumours and feminising adrenal tumours. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Citation

S N Ali, C N Jayasena, A H Sam. Which patients with gynaecomastia require more detailed investigation? Clinical endocrinology. 2018 Mar;88(3):360-363