Cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a patient with T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report.

Qiuyu Li, Kai Wang, Wei Guo, Ming Lu

Medicine 2019 Jan

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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an important treatment for hematological malignancies. Common complications are opportunistic infections and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of the most common causes of opportunistic infections. A 30-year-old male was diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma after persistent cough and lymphadenopathy. Fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, rash, and dyspnea occurred after HSCT. The young man developed severe CMV infection with CMV detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and gastrointestinal tract. Intravenous ganciclovir and high-dose glucocorticoids were administered after the patient was diagnosed with CMV pneumonia and enteritis. After 3 weeks, the young man died from respiratory failure and infectious toxic shock caused by severe CMV infection. Patients after HSCT should be closely monitored CMV-DNA in blood and other specimen, and treated first if necessary, so as to avoid the occurrence of severe infections such as CMV gastroenteritis and pneumonia.

Citation

Qiuyu Li, Kai Wang, Wei Guo, Ming Lu. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia in a patient with T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report. Medicine. 2019 Jan;98(4):e14221