Mild to moderate hyponatremia at discharge is associated with increased risk of recurrence in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

Laura Potasso, Clara Odilia Sailer, Claudine Angela Blum, Nicole Cesana-Nigro, Philipp Schuetz, Beat Mueller, Mirjam Christ-Crain

European journal of internal medicine 2020 May

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Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in hospitalized patients with pneumonia. Different studies have shown an association of hyponatremia on admission and worse patient's outcome. Yet, the impact of hyponatremia at discharge or of hyponatremia correction on patient's prognosis is unknown. This is a preplanned secondary data analysis from a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia and prednisone treatment. The primary outcome was the impact of hyponatremia on admission and at discharge on patient relevant outcomes (i.e. mortality, rehospitalization and recurrence rate) within 180 days. Of the 708 included patients, 185 (26.1%) were hyponatremic on admission. Of these, 28 (15.1%) were still hyponatremic at discharge. 34 (4.8%) patients developed hyponatremia during hospitalization despite being normonatremic on admission. Patients with hyponatremia at discharge had a higher rate of pneumonia recurrence as compared to normonatremic patients (OR 2.68; 95%-CI 1.09-6.95; p = 0.037). Among patients with hyponatremia at discharge, patients who were already hyponatremic on admission showed the strongest association with increased recurrence rate (OR 4.01; 95%-CI 1.08-12.64; p = 0.022). In contrast, recurrence rate was not affected in patients who were hyponatremic on admission but had normalized serum sodium levels at discharge (p = 0.73). Mild to moderate hyponatremia at discharge is associated with an increased risk of recurrence in hospitalized patients with pneumonia. This association is particularly strong for patients who are hyponatremic both on admission and at discharge, emphasizing the importance of hyponatremia correction during hospitalization. Copyright © 2020 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citation

Laura Potasso, Clara Odilia Sailer, Claudine Angela Blum, Nicole Cesana-Nigro, Philipp Schuetz, Beat Mueller, Mirjam Christ-Crain. Mild to moderate hyponatremia at discharge is associated with increased risk of recurrence in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. European journal of internal medicine. 2020 May;75:44-49