Real world" use of a highly reliable imaging sign: "T2-FLAIR mismatch" for identification of IDH mutant astrocytomas.

Rajan Jain, Derek R Johnson, Sohil H Patel, Mauricio Castillo, Marion Smits, Martin J van den Bent, Andrew S Chi, Daniel P Cahill

Neuro-oncology 2020 Jul 07

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AbstractThe T2-FLAIR (fluid attenuated inversion recovery) mismatch sign is an easily detectable imaging sign on routine clinical MRI studies that suggests diagnosis of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant 1p/19q non-codeleted gliomas. Multiple independent studies show that the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign has near-perfect specificity, but low sensitivity for diagnosing IDH-mutant astrocytomas. Thus, the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign represents a non-invasive radiogenomic diagnostic finding with potential clinical impact. Recently, false positive cases have been reported, many related to variable application of the sign's imaging criteria and differences in image acquisition, as well as to differences in the included patient populations. Here we summarize the imaging criteria for the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign, review similarities and differences between the multiple validation studies, outline strategies to optimize its clinical use, and discuss potential opportunities to refine imaging criteria in order to maximize its impact in glioma diagnostics. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Citation

Rajan Jain, Derek R Johnson, Sohil H Patel, Mauricio Castillo, Marion Smits, Martin J van den Bent, Andrew S Chi, Daniel P Cahill. Real world" use of a highly reliable imaging sign: "T2-FLAIR mismatch" for identification of IDH mutant astrocytomas. Neuro-oncology. 2020 Jul 07;22(7):936-943